Question

как происходили выборы консулов в риме

Answer 1

Народное собрание выбирает 1 раз в год 2-ух консулов,после того как они проправили 1 год их переводят в военных...Те в свою очередь защищают Рим и их переводятв трибуны....и.т.д.

Answer 2

Elections of Consuls in Rome

The elections of consuls in ancient Rome were a crucial part of the Roman political system. Consuls were the highest-ranking officials in the Roman Republic and were elected annually to serve as the chief executives of the state. The process of electing consuls involved several steps and was designed to ensure a balance of power and prevent the concentration of authority in a single individual.

1. Eligibility and Candidacy: To be eligible for the consulship, a candidate had to meet certain requirements. These included being a Roman citizen, being at least 42 years old, and having previously held the position of quaestor, a lower-ranking political office. Once eligible, candidates could announce their intention to run for consulship.

2. Election Assembly: The election of consuls took place in the Roman popular assemblies, which were gatherings of Roman citizens. The most important assembly for this purpose was the Comitia Centuriata, which was organized based on the Roman military divisions called centuries. The assembly was presided over by a magistrate, usually a consul or a praetor.

3. Voting Process: During the election, the citizens would cast their votes by secret ballot. The voting process was divided into two phases. In the first phase, the citizens would vote for their preferred candidates. The candidates who received the highest number of votes would proceed to the second phase. In the second phase, the citizens would vote again, this time choosing between the remaining candidates. The two candidates with the highest number of votes would be elected as consuls.

4. Election Results and Term: Once the consuls were elected, they would take office on January 1st of the following year. They would serve a one-year term, during which they would jointly hold executive power and command the Roman army. The consuls would also preside over the Senate and oversee the administration of justice.

5. Limitations and Checks on Power: While the consuls held significant authority, their power was limited in several ways. First, they had to act in consultation with each other, as decisions required the agreement of both consuls. Second, their actions could be vetoed by other magistrates, such as the tribunes of the plebs. Finally, after their term ended, consuls were subject to accountability and could be prosecuted for any misconduct during their tenure.

In conclusion, the elections of consuls in Rome were conducted through popular assemblies, with citizens casting their votes in a multi-phase process. The consuls, once elected, held executive power for a one-year term, subject to limitations and checks on their authority.