Question

Свободное население Афин,пользующееся правами и несущее обязанности перед государством. Архонт, чьи законы были писаны не чернилами,а кровью. Рабы в Спарте. Область рядом с Лаконией,завоёванная спартанцами. Главный город Аттики. Бог войны у греков. Архонт,отменивший в Афинах долговое рабство. Краткая,точная речь у спартанцев. Совет знати в Афинах. Власть демоса.(не путайте с демоном) Область в Средней Греции. Слово <илоты> озночает... Один из девяти правителей в Афинах,избираемые ежегодно. Выборный орган в Афинах,состоящий из граждан независимо от их знатности и богатства. СРОЧНО !

Answer 1

Законы были писаный кровью архонт по имени "драконт" 
рабы в спарте "илоты"       
главный город аттики "афины"  
краткая точная речь у спартанцев лаконической 
власть демоса демократия 
архонт отменивший долговое рабство "солон" 
совет знати -ареопаг 
"илоты"-захваченные

Answer 2

Free population in Athens, enjoying rights and bearing obligations to the state:

The free population in Athens consisted of citizens who enjoyed certain rights and had obligations towards the state. These citizens were considered to be part of the political community and had the right to participate in the democratic process. They could vote in the Assembly, hold public office, and serve on juries. However, it is important to note that not all residents of Athens were considered citizens. Women, slaves, and foreigners were excluded from citizenship and did not have the same rights and privileges as citizens. .

Archon, whose laws were written in blood:

The Archon in Athens was one of the highest-ranking officials in the government. They were responsible for administering justice and enforcing the laws. The laws enacted by the Archon were considered to be of great importance and were taken very seriously. The phrase "written in blood" is often used metaphorically to emphasize the severity and impact of these laws. It suggests that the laws were enforced with strictness and severity, leaving no room for leniency or compromise. .

Slaves in Sparta:

In Sparta, slavery was an integral part of the social and economic system. Slaves, known as helots, were a class of unfree individuals who were owned by the state or individual Spartans. They were primarily agricultural laborers and were considered the property of their owners. The helots played a crucial role in supporting the Spartan society by working the land and providing resources for the Spartan citizens. However, they had limited rights and were subject to the control and authority of their owners. The treatment of helots varied, but they generally lived in harsh conditions and were subject to strict control and discipline. .

Territory conquered by Spartans near Laconia:

Laconia was the region in ancient Greece where the city-state of Sparta was located. The Spartans were known for their military prowess and expansionist policies. They conquered and controlled various territories surrounding Laconia, including Messenia. The region of Messenia, located to the west of Laconia, was conquered by the Spartans in the 8th century BC. The conquest of Messenia resulted in the establishment of a Spartan-controlled territory known as Messenia. This territory provided valuable resources and agricultural land for the Spartans. .

Main city of Attica:

The main city of Attica, the region in ancient Greece, was Athens. Athens was not only the capital city of Attica but also one of the most important and influential city-states in ancient Greece. It was known for its cultural, intellectual, and political achievements, including the development of democracy. Athens was home to famous philosophers, playwrights, and artists, and it played a significant role in shaping the history and culture of ancient Greece. .

God of war among the Greeks:

The god of war among the Greeks was Ares. In Greek mythology, Ares was the son of Zeus and Hera and was associated with the violent and chaotic aspects of war. He was often depicted as a fierce warrior, armed with a spear and a shield. Ares was worshipped by the Greeks, particularly in times of war, and was believed to have the power to influence the outcome of battles. However, Ares was not as highly regarded as some other gods, such as Athena, who was also associated with warfare but represented strategic and disciplined aspects of war. .

Archon who abolished debt slavery in Athens:

The Archon who abolished debt slavery in Athens was Solon. Solon was an Athenian statesman and lawmaker who lived in the 6th century BC. He is known for his significant reforms, including the abolition of debt slavery. Prior to Solon's reforms, debtors who were unable to repay their debts could be enslaved by their creditors. Solon's reforms aimed to alleviate social and economic inequalities in Athens and promote a more just society. By abolishing debt slavery, Solon sought to address the issue of debt bondage and provide relief to those in financial distress. .

Concise and precise speech among the Spartans:

The Spartans were known for their laconic speech, which means they used concise and precise language. The term "laconic" is derived from the region of Laconia, where Sparta was located. Spartan warriors were renowned for their brevity of speech and their ability to convey meaning with few words. This style of communication was seen as a reflection of their disciplined and focused mindset. The most famous example of laconic speech is the response of King Leonidas I of Sparta to the Persian demand for surrender at the Battle of Thermopylae. When asked to surrender their weapons, Leonidas reportedly replied with a single word, "Molon labe," which means "Come and take them." This response exemplifies the Spartan preference for concise and direct communication. .

Council of the Areopagus in Athens:

The Council of the Areopagus was one of the most important institutions in ancient Athens. It was a council of elders composed of former archons, who were elected officials in Athens. The council had various responsibilities, including overseeing the administration of justice, maintaining public order, and supervising the conduct of public officials. The members of the council were chosen for their wisdom and experience, and they played a crucial role in the governance of Athens. However, the power and influence of the Council of the Areopagus diminished over time, particularly with the rise of democracy in Athens. .

Power of the demos in Athens:

In Athens, the demos referred to the common people or the citizen body. The power of the demos was a central feature of Athenian democracy. The demos had the right to participate in the democratic process, including voting in the Assembly, serving on juries, and holding public office. The decisions made by the demos had a significant impact on the governance of Athens. However, it is important to note that not all residents of Athens were considered part of the demos. Women, slaves, and foreigners were excluded from full citizenship and did not have the same political rights and privileges as citizens. .

Region in Central Greece:

A region in Central Greece is Boeotia. Boeotia was an ancient region located north of Attica. It was home to several city-states, including Thebes, which was one of the most powerful cities in ancient Greece. Boeotia had a rich history and played a significant role in Greek mythology and history. The region was known for its agricultural productivity and was an important center of trade and commerce. Boeotia also had its own distinct cultural and political traditions, which sometimes differed from those of other Greek city-states. .

The term "helots" signifies:

The term "helots" refers to a class of unfree individuals in ancient Sparta. The helots were a subject population who were owned by the state or individual Spartans. They were primarily agricultural laborers and were considered the property of their owners. The term "helots" is derived from the region of Messenia, which was conquered by the Spartans and became a source of helot labor. The helots played a crucial role in supporting the Spartan society by working the land and providing resources for the Spartan citizens. However, they had limited rights and were subject to the control and authority of their owners. .

One of the nine rulers in Athens, elected annually:

One of the nine rulers in Athens, elected annually, was the Archon Basileus. The Archon Basileus was one of the highest-ranking officials in the Athenian government. They were responsible for religious and ceremonial duties and had limited judicial powers. The Archon Basileus was elected annually by the citizens of Athens and held significant symbolic and religious authority. The position of Archon Basileus was considered prestigious and was often held by members of the aristocracy. .

Elected body in Athens, consisting of citizens regardless of their status or wealth:

The elected body in Athens, consisting of citizens regardless of their status or wealth, was the Council of Five Hundred (Boule). The Council of Five Hundred was a deliberative and administrative body that played a crucial role in the governance of Athens. It was composed of 500 citizens who were chosen by lot from the demes (local districts) of Athens. The members of the council served for one year and were responsible for proposing and preparing legislation, overseeing the implementation of laws, and managing the day-to-day affairs of the city. The Council of Five Hundred was a key institution in Athenian democracy and ensured that a wide range of citizens had the opportunity to participate in the political process. .