Question

Главное в Законах Солона! Если должник не сумел отдать долг то его самого запрещалось ...... Архонтом мог стать...... Для решения государственных дел стали созывать......в котором учавствовали все афинские........ Судьи выбирались из.....

Answer 1

1. Если должник не сумел отдать долг, то его самого запрещалось отдавать в долговое рабство.

2. Архонтом мог стать (кто из граждан?) любой гражданин Афин из первых трех имущественных разрядов (всего их было четыре : пентакосиомедимны, всадники, зевгиты, феты).

3. Для решения государственных дел стали созывать Народное собрание, в котором участвовали все афинские граждане.

4. Судьи выбирались из (каких граждан?) свободных афинян.

Answer 2

The Laws of Solon

Solon was an ancient Athenian statesman and lawmaker who is credited with laying the foundation for Athenian democracy. His laws addressed various aspects of Athenian society, including debt, political representation, and the administration of justice.

Debt Relief: If a debtor was unable to repay their debt, Solon's laws provided measures for debt relief. One of the key provisions was the prohibition of enslaving Athenian citizens for debt. Instead, Solon introduced measures to cancel debts and free those who had been enslaved due to debt. This was a significant reform aimed at addressing social and economic inequalities.

Archon: Under Solon's reforms, the highest magistrate in Athens, known as the Archon, could be chosen from a broader section of the population. Prior to Solon's reforms, the Archon was typically selected from the aristocracy. Solon's changes allowed individuals from different social classes to hold this important political position.

Council of Four Hundred: To address the administration of state affairs, Solon established the Council of Four Hundred. This council was responsible for advising the Archon and participating in the governance of Athens. Importantly, all Athenian citizens were eligible to participate in this council, reflecting a move towards broader political representation.

Participation in the Assembly: Solon's reforms also included provisions for the participation of all Athenian citizens in the assembly. This was a significant development in Athenian democracy, as it allowed citizens to have a direct role in decision-making processes. The assembly became a forum for discussing and voting on important matters related to the governance of the city-state.

Selection of Judges: In the context of the administration of justice, Solon's laws introduced a system for selecting judges. These judges were chosen from a pool of eligible citizens, and their role was crucial in adjudicating legal disputes and upholding the rule of law in Athens.

Conclusion: Solon's laws brought about significant changes in Athenian society, addressing issues related to debt, political representation, and the administration of justice. These reforms laid the groundwork for the development of Athenian democracy and had a lasting impact on the governance of the city-state.