Question

Самое свободное государство в Европе,где в управлении учавстовали широкие слои народа. Когда это государство добилось полой независимости?

Answer 1

Нидерланды. Там действовала система Генеральных штатов. Нидерланды добилась независимости от Испании в результате Нидерландской революции в 1581 (провозглашена) и в 1648 (признана Испанией).

Answer 2

The Most Democratic Country in Europe with Broad Popular Participation in Governance

The most democratic country in Europe with broad popular participation in governance is Switzerland. Switzerland is known for its unique system of direct democracy, where citizens have a high level of involvement in decision-making processes. This system allows citizens to participate directly in the legislative process, propose changes to the constitution, and even veto laws passed by the parliament.

In Switzerland, citizens have the right to initiate referendums on any law passed by the parliament, as well as on constitutional amendments. This means that important decisions are not solely made by elected representatives but are subject to the approval of the citizens themselves. Additionally, Swiss citizens can also propose changes to the constitution through popular initiatives, which require a certain number of signatures to be considered.

The Swiss political system is characterized by a high level of decentralization, with power being distributed among the federal government, cantonal governments, and municipal authorities. This allows for a more direct and participatory form of governance, as decisions are made at different levels and closer to the people.

Achievement of Full Independence

Switzerland has a long history of independence, but its path to full independence was gradual. The country gained its initial independence in 1291 with the signing of the Federal Charter, which established the Swiss Confederation. Over the centuries, Switzerland expanded its territory and gradually gained more autonomy from external powers.

The final step towards full independence came in 1848 with the adoption of a new federal constitution. This constitution established Switzerland as a federal state with a strong central government and guaranteed individual rights and freedoms. Since then, Switzerland has maintained its independence and neutrality, becoming a model for democratic governance and peaceful coexistence.

Please note that the information provided is based on search results and may not cover all aspects of the topic.