Question

Почему в 1929г. США охватил экономический кризис? Какмими были его проявления?

Answer 1

Биржи. Скупались активно все доступные акции по высокой цене, которые нечем было облагать, так как большинство было обычной бумагой, а после они обесценились. А государство было не в состоянии всё это возместить и как-то покрыть. В результате этого и произошла великая депрессия. Схожа с российским дефолтом (фиктивный (созданный намеренно))

Answer 2

Causes of the 1929 Economic Crisis in the United States

The economic crisis that engulfed the United States in 1929, commonly known as the Great Depression, had several causes. Here are some of the key factors that contributed to the crisis:

1. Stock Market Crash: The crisis was triggered by the stock market crash on October 29, 1929, also known as "Black Tuesday." This event marked the collapse of stock prices and led to a significant loss of wealth for investors.

2. Speculative Bubble: Prior to the crash, there was a speculative bubble in the stock market, fueled by excessive speculation and the availability of easy credit. Many investors bought stocks on margin, meaning they borrowed money to invest, which further inflated stock prices.

3. Overproduction and Underconsumption: The 1920s saw a period of rapid industrialization and increased productivity. However, this led to overproduction of goods, while wages did not keep pace with the rising production. As a result, there was a mismatch between the supply and demand for goods, leading to a decline in prices and profits.

4. Agricultural Crisis: The agricultural sector was already facing difficulties during the 1920s due to overproduction, falling prices, and high debt levels. The crisis worsened with the onset of the Great Depression, as demand for agricultural products declined further, leading to widespread farm bankruptcies and rural poverty.

5. Banking Crisis: The stock market crash and the subsequent economic downturn put immense pressure on the banking system. Many banks had invested heavily in the stock market and faced significant losses. As a result, numerous banks failed, leading to a loss of confidence in the banking system and a contraction of credit.

Manifestations of the 1929 Economic Crisis

The economic crisis of 1929 had far-reaching consequences and manifested in various ways. Here are some of the key manifestations of the crisis:

1. Mass Unemployment: The crisis led to a sharp increase in unemployment rates. As businesses faced declining demand and financial difficulties, they laid off workers, resulting in widespread job losses. Unemployment rates reached unprecedented levels, with millions of people losing their jobs.

2. Bank Failures: The banking crisis resulted in the failure of numerous banks across the country. This had a severe impact on individuals and businesses, as their savings and investments were wiped out. The loss of confidence in the banking system further exacerbated the economic downturn.

3. Decline in Industrial Production: The crisis led to a significant decline in industrial production. As demand for goods plummeted, factories reduced their output and, in many cases, shut down completely. This had a cascading effect on the economy, as it affected not only manufacturing jobs but also related industries and services.

4. Deflation: The crisis was accompanied by a period of deflation, where prices of goods and services declined. This further worsened the economic situation, as falling prices reduced business revenues and profits, leading to more layoffs and bankruptcies.

5. Social and Human Impact: The Great Depression had a profound social and human impact. Many families faced extreme poverty, homelessness, and hunger. The crisis strained social welfare systems and led to a rise in crime rates. It also had long-lasting effects on people's mental health and well-being.

It is important to note that the causes and manifestations of the 1929 economic crisis are complex and multifaceted. While the factors mentioned above played a significant role, there were also other contributing factors and consequences that influenced the severity and duration of the crisis.