Question

Плииииииииз срочно даю 20 баллов Задание 1. Что такое присваивающее и производящее хозяйство? Попробуйте назвать плюсы и минусы обоих видов хозяйства. Задание 2. Какое изменило жизнь людей использование металлов и появление кузнечного ремесла? Задание 3. Подумайте, как неолитическая революция изменила жизнь людей, и попробуйте объяснить: почему люди стали активно воевать друг с другом именно с переходом к производящему хозяйству?

Answer 1

Задание 1.
Что такое присваивающее и производящее хозяйство? Попробуйте назвать плюсы и минусы обоих видов хозяйства.
Присваивающее хозяйство - это когда человеку природа даёт еду.

Плюс - что природа сама дает человеку пищу, а минус в том что приходится постоянно переходить от одного места до другого потому что они быстро истощались.

Производящее хозяйство - это когда человек производит продукты питания сам.
Плюс - человек может вести осёдлый образ жизни и не надо ходить далеко за едой. Так же нужно меньше людей и площади чтобы добыть столько же еды сколько собирать очень много собирателей на огромном участке леса.
Минус - площади для пастбищ и полей нужно расчищать от валунов и леса.

Задание 2.
Как изменило жизнь людей использование металлов и появление кузнечного ремесла?

После появления кузнечного ремесла у людей появились металлические орудия труда которые были острей и долговечней.Так же у людей появилась возможность создания доспех и посуды из метала.

Задание 3.
Подумайте, как неолитическая революция изменила жизнь людей, и попробуйте объяснить: почему люди стали активно воевать друг с другом именно с переходом к производящему хозяйству?

Неолитическая революция изменила жизнь людей в корне люди стали вести осёдлый образ жизни, строить города, человек стал сам производить продукты питания (мясо и хлеб), появилось больше времени на ремесло, но есть и огромный минус - люди стали чаще воевать за пространство и ресурсы. Появились неравенство и знати, рабы и хозяине.
Но в общем неолитическая революция изменила человечество в лучшую сторону.

Answer 2

Prisvaivayushchee and Proizvodyashchee Khozyaystvo

Prisvaivayushchee Khozyaystvo (also known as extractive economy) refers to an economic system where the primary focus is on extracting and exploiting natural resources, such as hunting, gathering, fishing, and basic agriculture. This type of economy is typically found in pre-industrial societies or in regions with limited technological development.

Proizvodyashchee Khozyaystvo (also known as productive economy) refers to an economic system where the primary focus is on producing goods and services through various means, such as agriculture, industry, and trade. This type of economy is typically associated with more advanced societies and technological advancements.

Pros and Cons of Prisvaivayushchee Khozyaystvo

Pros: - Simplicity: Prisvaivayushchee khozyaystvo is often simpler and requires fewer complex technologies and infrastructure. - Sustainable: In some cases, the reliance on natural resources can be sustainable if managed properly. - Close connection with nature: People in prisvaivayushchee khozyaystvo have a close connection with nature and rely on their immediate environment for survival.

Cons: - Limited resources: Prisvaivayushchee khozyaystvo is limited by the availability of natural resources in a given area. Once resources are depleted, it can lead to scarcity and potential conflicts. - Vulnerability to environmental changes: Changes in the environment, such as climate change or natural disasters, can have a significant impact on the livelihoods of people in prisvaivayushchee khozyaystvo. - Limited economic development: The focus on subsistence-level activities may limit opportunities for economic growth and development.

Pros and Cons of Proizvodyashchee Khozyaystvo

Pros: - Economic growth: Proizvodyashchee khozyaystvo allows for the production of surplus goods and services, which can be traded and contribute to economic growth. - Technological advancements: The development of industry and trade in proizvodyashchee khozyaystvo often leads to technological advancements and innovation. - Specialization and division of labor: Proizvodyashchee khozyaystvo enables specialization and the division of labor, leading to increased efficiency and productivity.

Cons: - Environmental impact: The industrial activities associated with proizvodyashchee khozyaystvo can have negative environmental consequences, such as pollution and resource depletion. - Social inequality: Proizvodyashchee khozyaystvo can lead to social inequality, as some individuals or groups may accumulate wealth and power at the expense of others. - Dependency on external resources: Proizvodyashchee khozyaystvo often requires access to external resources, such as raw materials or energy sources, which can create dependencies and vulnerabilities.

Impact of Metal Usage and the Emergence of Blacksmithing

The usage of metals and the emergence of blacksmithing had a profound impact on human life. Here are some key changes:

1. Technological Advancements: The discovery and utilization of metals allowed humans to develop more advanced tools and weapons. Metal tools were more durable, efficient, and versatile compared to earlier materials like stone or wood. This led to improvements in agriculture, construction, and warfare.

2. Trade and Economic Development: The availability of metals created new opportunities for trade and economic development. Metal ores became valuable commodities, and societies that had access to metal resources could trade them for other goods or services. This facilitated the growth of complex economic systems and the development of specialized crafts, such as blacksmithing.

3. Military Advantages: The use of metal weapons and armor gave certain societies a military advantage over others. The ability to produce stronger and more effective weapons allowed for the expansion of empires and the conquest of new territories.

4. Cultural and Artistic Expression: Metalworking also played a significant role in cultural and artistic expression. Metal objects, such as jewelry, sculptures, and architectural elements, became symbols of wealth, power, and artistic achievement. The craftsmanship and artistic intricacy of metalwork became highly valued.

Neolithic Revolution and the Transition to Proizvodyashchee Khozyaystvo

The Neolithic Revolution was a period of significant change in human history, characterized by the transition from a nomadic, hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settled agricultural communities. This transition had several effects on human life:

1. Agricultural Surplus: The development of agriculture allowed for the production of surplus food, which supported larger populations and the growth of settled communities. This surplus enabled the emergence of specialized occupations beyond food production, such as artisans, traders, and rulers.

2. Social Organization: The transition to settled agricultural communities led to the development of more complex social structures. As people began to live in larger groups, social hierarchies and systems of governance emerged to manage resources, resolve conflicts, and coordinate collective efforts.

3. Permanent Settlements: With the shift to agriculture, humans started to establish permanent settlements. These settlements provided stability and allowed for the accumulation of wealth and possessions. They also served as centers for trade, cultural exchange, and the development of specialized crafts.

4. Increased Population Density: The ability to produce more food through agriculture supported higher population densities. This, in turn, led to increased competition for resources, including land and water. As a result, conflicts and warfare between different groups became more common.

The transition to proizvodyashchee khozyaystvo (productive economy) during the Neolithic Revolution played a role in the increase of conflicts between human groups. The shift from a nomadic lifestyle to settled agricultural communities led to the establishment of permanent territories and the ownership of land. This, combined with the competition for resources, created conditions that often resulted in conflicts and warfare between different communities. The desire to protect and expand their territories, access to resources, and ensure the survival of their communities contributed to the increase in intergroup conflicts during this period. However, it is important to note that the reasons for conflicts are complex and multifaceted, and not solely attributed to the transition to a productive economy.

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