Question

Участники гражданской войны 1918 - 1922 гг

Answer 1

1) Основными политическими силами после Октябрьской революции были большевики, меньшевики и эсеры. Большевики смогли устранить меньшевиков и эсеров из структур власти – и тем самым создали почву для конфронтации.
2) Брестский мир с Германией был встречен неоднозначно в российском обществе. Одни поддержали его, другие резко осудили. Это тоже стало предпосылкой противостояния.
3) Продовольственная диктатура большевиков – еще одна причина, приведшая к гражданской войне. Насильственные действия большевиков, отбиравших «излишки» хлеба у крестьян, вели к неизбежному общественному конфликту.

Answer 2

Participants of the Russian Civil War (1918-1922)

The Russian Civil War, which took place from 1918 to 1922, involved various factions and groups vying for control of the country. Here are the key participants involved in this conflict:

Bolsheviks: The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. They eventually became the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

Red Army: The Red Army was the military force associated with the Bolsheviks and played a crucial role in the Civil War.

White Movement: The White Movement was a loose coalition of anti-Bolshevik forces, including monarchists, liberals, and socialists, who opposed the Bolshevik government.

Allied Intervention: Several foreign powers, including the United States, United Kingdom, France, and Japan, intervened in the Russian Civil War in support of the White Movement.

Anarchists: Anarchist groups, such as the Black Army led by Nestor Makhno, also participated in the conflict, often fighting both the Red and White forces.

Nationalist Movements: Various nationalist movements, such as the Ukrainian People's Republic and the Baltic states, sought independence during the chaos of the Civil War.

Green Armies: Peasant uprisings and Green Armies, representing local and regional interests, also played a significant role in the conflict.

These factions and groups engaged in a complex and multifaceted struggle for power and control during the Russian Civil War, leading to widespread devastation and loss of life.