Question

Какие реформы были проведены Кромвелем? Помогите плиз добрые люди

Answer 1

Всю землю была провозглашена частной собственностью её владельцев (кроме крестьян); торгово-промышленные слои общества добились полной свободы предпринимательской деятельности и уничтожения монополий; земли короля, его сторонников и церкви были распроданы или преданно солдатам как плату за службу.

Answer 2

Reforms implemented by Cromwell

Oliver Cromwell, a prominent figure in English history, implemented several significant reforms during his time as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland. These reforms aimed to consolidate his power, stabilize the country, and promote Puritan values. Here are some of the key reforms implemented by Cromwell:

1. Political Reforms: Cromwell dissolved the Rump Parliament in 1653 and established the Barebone's Parliament, also known as the Nominated Assembly. This assembly consisted of religiously devout individuals who were handpicked by Cromwell and his advisors. However, the Barebone's Parliament was short-lived and was eventually dissolved, leading to Cromwell assuming the title of Lord Protector in 1653.

2. Religious Reforms: Cromwell was a devout Puritan and sought to promote Puritanism throughout the country. He implemented various religious reforms to achieve this goal. One of the most significant reforms was the enforcement of strict moral codes, including the closure of theaters, banning of gambling, and suppression of activities considered immoral or sinful. Cromwell also encouraged the spread of education and the preaching of Puritan sermons.

3. Legal Reforms: Cromwell introduced several legal reforms to ensure justice and order in the country. He established a new legal system known as the "Rule of the Major-Generals." Under this system, England was divided into 11 regions, each governed by a major-general who had both military and civil authority. The major-generals were responsible for maintaining law and order, suppressing dissent, and enforcing Cromwell's religious policies. However, this system was highly unpopular and was eventually abandoned.

4. Economic Reforms: Cromwell implemented various economic reforms to stimulate trade and improve the country's financial situation. He encouraged the growth of industries, promoted trade with other countries, and supported the development of infrastructure, such as roads and bridges. Cromwell also introduced measures to regulate the economy, including price controls and the establishment of a national bank. These reforms aimed to strengthen England's economy and increase its influence in international trade.

5. Foreign Policy Reforms: Cromwell pursued an active foreign policy during his time as Lord Protector. He aimed to establish England as a major European power and protect the interests of the Commonwealth. Cromwell waged successful military campaigns against Scotland and Ireland, bringing them under English control. He also sought alliances with Protestant nations and engaged in diplomatic negotiations to secure England's position in Europe.

It is important to note that while these reforms were implemented by Cromwell, they were not without controversy and opposition. Cromwell's rule was marked by a strong authoritarian streak, and his reforms were often met with resistance from various factions within society.

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