Question

какие слои населения были главной социальной опорой Луи Филиппа? Кого по- вашему не устраивало направление его политики?

Answer 1

Основной опорой Луи Филиппа являлась крупная буржуазия, поскольку именно в ее руках сосредоточилась вся власть во время его правления.

Направление его политики в первую очередь не устраивало оппозиционно настроеных мелкую буржуазию и рабочих.

Answer 2

The Social Support of Louis Philippe

During the reign of Louis Philippe, the social support for his rule came primarily from the middle class and the bourgeoisie. Louis Philippe, also known as the "Citizen King," ruled France from 1830 to 1848. He was seen as a constitutional monarch who aimed to represent the interests of the middle class and promote stability and economic prosperity.

The middle class played a crucial role in supporting Louis Philippe's rule. This social group consisted of professionals, merchants, industrialists, and other individuals who were part of the growing urban population. They benefited from the economic growth and stability that characterized Louis Philippe's reign. The middle class saw him as a defender of their interests and a promoter of economic liberalism.

The bourgeoisie also supported Louis Philippe. The bourgeoisie refers to the wealthy upper-middle class, including bankers, financiers, and industrialists. They saw Louis Philippe as a ruler who would protect their economic interests and maintain social order. The bourgeoisie played a significant role in the economic development of France during this period and benefited from the policies implemented by Louis Philippe's government.

Dissatisfaction with Louis Philippe's Policies

Despite the support from the middle class and the bourgeoisie, Louis Philippe's policies faced criticism and opposition from various groups. The direction of his policies and the concentration of power in the hands of the wealthy elite led to discontent among different segments of society. Here are some of the groups that were dissatisfied with Louis Philippe's rule:

Working class and urban poor: The working class and urban poor felt marginalized and excluded from the benefits of economic growth. They faced poor working conditions, low wages, and limited political representation. This dissatisfaction eventually led to social unrest and uprisings, such as the June Rebellion of 1832 and the February Revolution of 1848.

Republicans and liberals: Some republicans and liberals criticized Louis Philippe's rule for not going far enough in implementing democratic reforms. They believed that his government favored the interests of the bourgeoisie and did not adequately address social inequality and political exclusion.

Legitimists and supporters of the Bourbon monarchy: Supporters of the Bourbon monarchy, who believed in the divine right of kings, opposed Louis Philippe's rule. They saw him as an illegitimate ruler who had usurped the throne from the rightful Bourbon monarchs.

Socialists and utopian thinkers: Socialists and utopian thinkers criticized Louis Philippe's government for its failure to address the social and economic problems faced by the working class. They advocated for more radical reforms and a more equitable distribution of wealth.

In summary, Louis Philippe's main social support came from the middle class and the bourgeoisie, who benefited from his policies promoting economic growth and stability. However, his rule faced opposition from various groups, including the working class, republicans, supporters of the Bourbon monarchy, and socialists, who were dissatisfied with the direction of his policies and the concentration of power in the hands of the wealthy elite.