Question

Дискуссия о проихождении Древнерусского гос-ва: сравнительная характеристика основных точек зрения ,аргументы сторон,эволюция взглядов.Заранее спасибо <3

Answer 1

Всего существует три теории возникновения Древнерусского государтсва:

1. Норманнская.

2. Центристская.

3. Славянская (антинорманнская).

 

1. Норманская теория - Древнерусское государство создано норманнами (варагями) с доброволного соглашения славян.

Сторонники данной теории: Н.М.Карамзин, С.М.Соловьев

 

2. Центристская теория - Древнерусское государство возникло как результат внутреннего общественного развития славян, но при участии варягов.

Сторонники данной теории: А.Л.Юрганов, Л.А.Кацва

 

3. Славянская (антинорманнская) теория - отрицается роль варягов в образовании древнерусского государства и призвание их на княжение.

Сторонники данной теории: М.В. Ломоносов, Б.А.Рыбаков

Answer 2

Discussion on the Origins of the Ancient Russian State

The origins of the Ancient Russian state have been the subject of extensive discussion and debate, with various viewpoints and arguments put forward by different scholars. Let's explore the comparative characteristics of the main perspectives, the arguments presented by each side, and the evolution of these views over time.

Traditional Viewpoint: The traditional viewpoint on the origins of the Ancient Russian state emphasizes the role of the Varangians, who were Viking warriors and traders. According to this perspective, the Varangians played a significant role in the establishment and early governance of the state. This viewpoint also highlights the influence of Byzantine culture and Christianity on the formation of the Ancient Russian state.

Revisionist Viewpoint: In contrast to the traditional viewpoint, the revisionist perspective challenges the significance of the Varangians in the formation of the Ancient Russian state. Instead, it emphasizes the role of indigenous Slavic tribes and their political and social structures. This viewpoint argues that the state's development was a result of internal processes within the Slavic society, rather than being primarily influenced by external forces.

Evolution of Views: Over time, the discussion on the origins of the Ancient Russian state has evolved, with scholars incorporating new archaeological findings, historical evidence, and interdisciplinary approaches into their analyses. This evolution has led to a more nuanced understanding of the complex factors that contributed to the formation and development of the state. Additionally, the emergence of new technologies and research methods has provided researchers with opportunities to reevaluate existing theories and explore alternative interpretations.

In summary, the discussion on the origins of the Ancient Russian state involves contrasting viewpoints, each supported by distinct arguments and evidence. The evolution of these perspectives reflects the dynamic nature of historical research and the continuous reevaluation of established narratives.

If you have any specific questions or would like to delve deeper into any aspect of this topic, feel free to ask!