Question

Какая из реформ в экономике не относится к реформам Хрущева Н. С. 1)повышение закупочных цен на колхозную продукцию 2)сокращение нерентабельных предприятий 3)повышение технического уровня производства 4)развитие атомной энергетики что являлось пиком противостояния между системами капитализма и социализма 1)"Карибский кризис" 1962г 2)позиция СССР по германскому вопросу 3)проблема отношений с государствами "третьего мира" 4)введение войск СССР в Венгрию

Answer 1

1) Сокращение нерантабельных предприятий.
2) "Карибский кризис" 1962 года.

Answer 2

Reforms in the Soviet Economy under Nikita Khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev, the leader of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, implemented several economic reforms during his tenure. These reforms aimed to modernize and improve the efficiency of the Soviet economy. However, one of the reforms mentioned in your question does not belong to Khrushchev's reforms. Let's analyze each option to identify the reform that does not belong to Khrushchev's era:

1) Increase in procurement prices for collective farm products: This reform refers to the policy of increasing the prices at which the state purchased agricultural products from collective farms. Khrushchev did indeed implement this policy as part of his agricultural reforms. The goal was to incentivize higher production and improve the living standards of collective farm workers.

2) Reduction of unprofitable enterprises: Khrushchev's economic reforms included efforts to streamline the Soviet economy by eliminating unprofitable and inefficient enterprises. This involved closing down or merging unproductive factories and redirecting resources to more productive sectors.

3) Improvement of the technical level of production: Khrushchev emphasized the importance of technological progress and aimed to increase the technical level of production in various industries. This involved investing in research and development, promoting automation, and adopting new technologies to improve efficiency and productivity.

4) Development of atomic energy: This reform does not belong to Khrushchev's era. The development of atomic energy in the Soviet Union was initiated under Joseph Stalin and continued after Khrushchev's leadership. However, Khrushchev did play a role in expanding the use of nuclear power for peaceful purposes, such as electricity generation.

Therefore, the reform that does not belong to Khrushchev's era is the development of atomic energy.

The Peak of the Capitalism vs. Socialism Confrontation

The peak of the confrontation between the capitalist and socialist systems was marked by several significant events. Let's examine each option to identify the event that represents the peak of this confrontation:

1) Cuban Missile Crisis (1962): The Cuban Missile Crisis was a major confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union, which occurred in October 1962. It was a result of the Soviet Union's placement of nuclear missiles in Cuba, which the United States perceived as a threat to its national security. The crisis brought the world to the brink of nuclear war and is considered one of the most dangerous moments of the Cold War. Therefore, the Cuban Missile Crisis represents the peak of the confrontation between capitalism and socialism.

2) Soviet position on the German question: The Soviet Union's position on the German question, including the division of Germany and the construction of the Berlin Wall, was an important aspect of the Cold War. However, it does not represent the peak of the confrontation between capitalism and socialism.

3) Problem of relations with "Third World" countries: The competition for influence in the "Third World" between the capitalist and socialist blocs was indeed a significant aspect of the Cold War. However, it does not represent the peak of the confrontation between capitalism and socialism.

4) Introduction of Soviet troops into Hungary: The Soviet Union's intervention in Hungary in 1956 was a response to the Hungarian Revolution, where the Hungarian people demanded political reforms and greater independence from Soviet control. While this event was a manifestation of the confrontation between capitalism and socialism, it does not represent the peak of this confrontation.

Therefore, the event that represents the peak of the confrontation between capitalism and socialism is the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962.