Question

Как назывался период, в который вступают ведущие капиталистические страны Запада в конце XIX века?

Answer 1

Ну, капитализм, что-ли?

Answer 2

The period in which the leading capitalist countries of the West entered at the end of the 19th century is known as the Age of Imperialism.

During this period, which lasted from the late 19th century to the early 20th century, Western capitalist countries such as Great Britain, France, Germany, and the United States sought to expand their influence and control over territories around the world. This expansion was driven by various factors, including economic interests, the search for new markets and resources, and the desire for political and military power.

The Age of Imperialism was characterized by the colonization and annexation of territories in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. European powers established colonies and protectorates, often exploiting the resources and labor of these regions for their own benefit. This period also saw the emergence of rivalries and conflicts between imperial powers as they competed for control over territories and resources.

The major driving forces behind the Age of Imperialism were:

1. Economic Interests: Western capitalist countries sought new markets for their goods and sources of raw materials to fuel their industries. They also aimed to establish colonies as a means of securing cheap labor and as outlets for investment and trade.

2. Nationalism and Prestige: Imperialism was seen as a way for countries to assert their national power and prestige. The acquisition of colonies and the establishment of empires were seen as symbols of a nation's strength and greatness.

3. Strategic and Military Considerations: Control over colonies and territories provided Western powers with strategic advantages and military bases. It allowed them to project their power and protect their trade routes.

4. Social Darwinism and Racial Superiority: Many Western imperial powers justified their expansionist policies through the ideology of Social Darwinism, which promoted the idea of racial superiority and the "civilizing mission" of bringing progress and civilization to "backward" societies.

5. Technological Advancements: The Industrial Revolution and advancements in transportation and communication technologies enabled Western powers to exert their influence and control over distant territories more effectively.

It is important to note that the Age of Imperialism had significant consequences for the colonized regions, including the exploitation of resources, cultural assimilation, and the disruption of traditional societies and economies. The legacy of imperialism continues to shape global politics and relations to this day.