Question

Не всем сведениям Гомера можно доверять его поэму историки должны использовать с большой осторожностью. А почему?люди умоляю помогите!!

Answer 1

Во-первых, поэма во многом опирается на греческую мифологию.В ней присутствуют боги, полубоги.Да и сам повод для начала войны пустяковый.Троянская война началась скорее всего из-за желания греков завладеть богатствами Трои,но уж никак не из-за того,что Парис похитил Елену (тем более, что своего мужа Менелая она не любила и сама отдалась Парису).Также под сомнение подпадает и Ахиллес-не факт,что он действительно был неуязвимым.К тому же попасть стрелой в пятку практически невозможно,значит Ахиллеса скорее всего убили,как в фильме-выстрелили в грудь.Та же история со знаменитым конём-трудно поверить,чтобы троянцы безо всяких мер предосторожности приняли дар от греков,с которыми они находились в состоянии войны.

Answer 2

The Reliability of Homer's Poems

Homer's poems, such as the Iliad and the Odyssey, are ancient epic poems that have had a significant impact on Western literature and culture. However, it is important to approach the information presented in these poems with caution when considering them as historical sources. Historians must use them with great care due to several reasons:

1. Oral Tradition and Transmission: Homer's poems were originally composed and transmitted orally before being written down. This means that they were passed down through generations by word of mouth, which can introduce variations, embellishments, and inaccuracies over time. The reliance on memory and oral transmission makes it challenging to determine the accuracy of the events and details depicted in the poems.

2. Legendary and Mythological Elements: Homer's poems contain elements of legend and mythology, blurring the line between historical fact and fictional storytelling. The inclusion of gods, goddesses, and supernatural events adds a mythical dimension to the narratives, making it difficult to separate fact from fiction.

3. Literary Purpose: Homer's poems were not intended to be historical records but rather works of literature and art. They served as entertainment, moral instruction, and cultural preservation. The poems often emphasize heroic deeds, honor, and the struggles of individuals, which may not always align with historical accuracy.

4. Time Gap and Historical Context: The events described in Homer's poems are believed to have taken place during the Late Bronze Age, around the 12th or 13th century BCE. However, the poems themselves were composed several centuries later, possibly in the 8th century BCE. This time gap raises questions about the accuracy of the details and events depicted, as well as the cultural and societal context in which they were written.

5. Lack of External Corroboration: The events and characters described in Homer's poems are often not corroborated by other historical sources or archaeological evidence. While some aspects of the poems may align with known historical events and archaeological findings, many details remain unverified or are inconsistent with other sources.

In conclusion, while Homer's poems provide valuable insights into ancient Greek culture, society, and mythology, historians must approach them with caution when using them as historical sources. The reliance on oral tradition, the presence of legendary elements, the literary purpose of the poems, the time gap between the events and the composition of the poems, and the lack of external corroboration all contribute to the need for careful interpretation and analysis when considering the historical reliability of Homer's works.