Question

Итог гражданских войн в риме. Помогите пожалуйста. Спасибо заранее!

Answer 1

Ответ:

В январе 49 г. до н. э. Юлий Цезарь вместе с войсками перешел реку Рубикон, нарушая таким образом закон о том, что бывший консул не имел права с войсками находиться в Италии, но только так можно было добиться верховной власти. Переправа через Рубикон стала началом гражданской Войны. Для предотвращения провозглашения Цезарем себя царем, сенаторы составили заговор и убили его.

После убийства Юлия Цезаря в Риме вновь вспыхнула гражданская война, которая продолжалась 6 лет. В итоге новым правителем Рима стал внучатый племянник Цезаря Гай Октавий, более известный под именем Августа, дарованным ему в 27 г. до н. э.

В 83 г. до н. э. в Римской республике вспыхивает еще одна гражданская война, продолжавшая ровно год между сторонниками Луций Корнелия Суллы и сторонниками умершего Гай Мария. Как итог, марианцы были повержены, а Сулла стал единоличным диктатором республики.

Answer 2

The Outcome of the Civil Wars in Rome

The civil wars in Rome had significant consequences for the Roman Republic and ultimately led to the downfall of the republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. The civil wars were a series of conflicts that took place between various factions within Rome, including political leaders, military commanders, and their supporters. These wars were fought primarily for political power and control over the Roman state.

The First Triumvirate and the Civil War One of the most significant civil wars in Rome was the conflict between Julius Caesar and Pompey the Great. This conflict arose after the collapse of the First Triumvirate, a political alliance between Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus. After the death of Crassus, tensions between Caesar and Pompey escalated, leading to a full-scale civil war.

The outcome of this civil war was a decisive victory for Julius Caesar. He defeated Pompey's forces and emerged as the sole ruler of Rome. Caesar's victory marked the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Roman Empire. However, his rule was short-lived, as he was assassinated in 44 BCE.

The Second Triumvirate and the Battle of Actium Following Caesar's assassination, another civil war erupted between his supporters and those of his assassins. This conflict, known as the Liberators' Civil War, ended with the victory of Caesar's supporters, led by Mark Antony and Octavian (later known as Augustus).

To consolidate their power, Mark Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus formed the Second Triumvirate. However, tensions between Octavian and Antony eventually led to another civil war. The decisive battle of this conflict was the Battle of Actium in 31 BCE, where Octavian's forces defeated Antony and Cleopatra's combined forces.

The Outcome and Consequences The outcome of the civil wars in Rome was the establishment of Octavian as the sole ruler of Rome. He took the title of Augustus and became the first Roman Emperor. This marked the transition from the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire.

The civil wars had far-reaching consequences for Rome. They led to a significant shift in the political structure of Rome, with power concentrated in the hands of the emperor. The Roman Empire would go on to dominate the Mediterranean region for centuries.

Additionally, the civil wars resulted in the loss of countless lives and the destruction of cities and infrastructure. The conflicts also had a profound impact on the Roman economy and society.