Question

Укажите даты Тридцатилетней войны в Европе.1) 1494-1524 гг. б) 1566-1596 гг. в) 1618-1648 гг. г) 1700-1730 гг.​

Answer 1

Ответ:

в)1618-1648- дата 30-летней войны в ЕВРОПЕ

Answer 2

Dates of the Thirty Years' War in Europe

The correct dates of the Thirty Years' War in Europe are 1618-1648. The war lasted for thirty years, hence the name. It was primarily fought in Central Europe, particularly in the Holy Roman Empire, which is present-day Germany. The conflict involved various European powers and had a significant impact on the political and religious landscape of the region.

The war began in 1618 when the Protestant Bohemian Estates revolted against the Catholic Habsburg rule in Bohemia. This event, known as the Defenestration of Prague, marked the start of the conflict. The war initially started as a religious conflict between Protestants and Catholics but later evolved into a broader struggle for power and influence among European states.

The war can be divided into four main phases:

1. Bohemian Phase (1618-1625): This phase began with the Bohemian revolt and subsequent Habsburg victories. The Catholic forces, led by the Habsburgs, emerged victorious in the Battle of White Mountain in 1620, which marked a turning point in favor of the Catholic side.

2. Danish Phase (1625-1629): In this phase, the Protestant Danish king Christian IV intervened in the war to support the Protestant cause. However, the Catholic forces, led by the Habsburgs, achieved significant victories and forced Denmark to withdraw from the war.

3. Swedish Phase (1630-1635): The Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus entered the war on the Protestant side and achieved several military successes. However, Gustavus Adolphus was killed in the Battle of Lützen in 1632. Despite his death, the Swedish forces continued to fight, but the war reached a stalemate.

4. French Phase (1635-1648): France, under the leadership of Cardinal Richelieu, entered the war on the Protestant side to counter Habsburg power. This phase saw the involvement of various European powers and witnessed significant devastation. The war finally ended with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, which established a new balance of power in Europe.