Question

Чем диктовалась необходимость ускоренной модернизации в СССР в середине 1920? ​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Целями сталинской модернизации являлись ускоренное превращение СССР из преимущественно аграрной страны в индустриальную державу, обеспечение максимальной экономической независимости и укрепление обороноспособности. План форсированного развития социализма включал в себя индустриализацию, коллективизацию сельского хозяйства и культурную революцию.

Индустриализация

В середине 1920-х гг. перед Советской Россией встала задача индустриализации страны. В условиях сложной военно-политической обстановки в мире и наращивания промышленного потенциала передовыми европейскими странами руководители СССР понимали необходимость милитаризации страны, которая была невозможна без поднятия уровня тяжелой промышленности. Серьезный военный потенциал должен был стать для капиталистических стран сдерживающим от вмешательства во внутренние дела СССР фактором

Answer 2

The Necessity of Accelerated Modernization in the USSR in the Mid-1920s

The mid-1920s in the Soviet Union was a period marked by the need for accelerated modernization. Several factors contributed to this necessity:

1. Economic Reconstruction: After the Russian Revolution and the subsequent Civil War, the Soviet economy was in ruins. The war had devastated industries, agriculture, and infrastructure, leading to widespread poverty and famine. The government recognized the urgent need to rebuild and modernize the economy to improve living conditions and ensure the country's survival.

2. Industrialization: The Soviet leadership, under the guidance of Vladimir Lenin and later Joseph Stalin, believed that industrialization was crucial for the country's development and security. They aimed to transform the predominantly agrarian society into an industrial powerhouse. This required rapid industrialization to catch up with the more advanced Western countries and strengthen the Soviet Union's position on the world stage.

3. Ideological Considerations: The Bolsheviks, who came to power after the Russian Revolution, were committed to building a socialist society. They believed that industrialization was a necessary step towards achieving communism. By modernizing the economy and developing industry, they aimed to create the material conditions for a classless society.

4. International Pressure: The Soviet Union faced external pressures from capitalist countries, particularly after the end of World War I. The Western powers were skeptical of the Bolshevik government and sought to isolate and undermine it. The Soviet leadership saw accelerated modernization as a way to demonstrate the viability and strength of the socialist system, countering the criticisms and threats from abroad.

5. Agricultural Crisis: The agricultural sector in the Soviet Union was in a state of crisis in the mid-1920s. The policies of War Communism during the Civil War had led to a decline in agricultural production, and the peasants were reluctant to produce surplus grain due to the lack of incentives. This led to food shortages and famine in many parts of the country. Accelerated modernization was seen as a way to address the agricultural crisis and increase agricultural productivity.

In summary, the necessity of accelerated modernization in the USSR in the mid-1920s was driven by the need for economic reconstruction, the goal of industrialization, ideological considerations, international pressure, and the agricultural crisis. The Soviet leadership recognized the urgency of modernizing the country to improve living conditions, strengthen the socialist system, and ensure the survival of the Soviet Union.