Question

Название экономической системы СССР​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Плановая экономика была

они планировали на 5-10 лет различные показатели

Answer 2

The Economic System of the USSR

The economic system of the USSR was known as planned economy or command economy. In this system, the government had centralized control over the allocation of resources, production, and distribution of goods and services. The main goal of the planned economy was to achieve the objectives set by the state, such as industrialization, economic growth, and social equality.

Under the planned economy, the government determined the production targets, set prices, and allocated resources to different sectors of the economy. The state-owned enterprises played a dominant role in the economy, and the government controlled major industries, including heavy machinery, energy, transportation, and agriculture.

The planning process involved the creation of detailed economic plans, usually developed for five-year periods called Five-Year Plans. These plans outlined production targets, investment priorities, and resource allocation. The central planning authority, such as the State Planning Committee (Gosplan), was responsible for formulating and implementing these plans.

The planned economy aimed to achieve self-sufficiency and reduce dependence on foreign imports. It emphasized heavy industry and military production, often at the expense of consumer goods. The government prioritized sectors such as steel, coal, machinery, and defense.

The planned economy in the USSR had both advantages and disadvantages. On the positive side, it allowed for rapid industrialization and the development of key industries. It also provided a certain level of stability and security, as the government controlled the allocation of resources and ensured employment for the population.

However, the planned economy also faced challenges. The lack of market mechanisms and competition often led to inefficiencies, shortages, and low-quality products. The centralized decision-making process sometimes resulted in misallocation of resources and a lack of responsiveness to consumer demand. Additionally, the planned economy limited individual initiative and entrepreneurship.

It is important to note that the economic system of the USSR evolved over time, with different policies and reforms implemented during its existence. The planned economy underwent changes under different leaders, such as Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev, and Gorbachev, reflecting shifts in economic priorities and approaches.