Question

які чинники відіграли вирішальну роль у розвитку подій що увійшли в історію під назвою паризьк комуна?

Answer 1

Ответ:

Паризька комуна 1871, перша пролетарська революція і перший в історії уряд робітничого класу, що проіснував в Парижі 72 дні/

Здійснюючи революцію, паризький робітничий клас вирішував як загальнонаціональну задачу-звільнення Франції від навали пруссаків, так і соціальну — звільнення робітників від влади капіталу.

Вся діяльність Комуни мала глибоко соціальний характер, спрямований на революційне перетворення суспільства, і мала інтернаціональне . значення.

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Factors that played a crucial role in the development of the Paris Commune

The Paris Commune was a radical socialist and revolutionary government that ruled Paris from March 18 to May 28, 1871. It emerged in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War and the collapse of the Second French Empire. Several factors contributed to the rise and development of the Paris Commune:

1. Political and Social Context: The political and social context of France at the time played a significant role in the emergence of the Paris Commune. The defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War and the subsequent collapse of the Second French Empire created a power vacuum and a sense of disillusionment among the French population. The working class, in particular, faced economic hardships and social inequality, which fueled their desire for change and led to the rise of radical movements [[1]].

2. Siege of Paris: During the Franco-Prussian War, Paris was besieged by Prussian forces for several months. The harsh conditions of the siege, including food shortages and economic hardships, further exacerbated the discontent among the working class. The siege created a sense of solidarity and unity among the Parisians, which laid the groundwork for the establishment of the Paris Commune [[2]].

3. Centralization of Power: The centralized nature of the French government at the time, with power concentrated in Paris, allowed for the rapid formation of the Commune. The collapse of the central authority provided an opportunity for the radical elements in Paris to seize power and establish a new form of government based on direct democracy and workers' control [[3]].

4. Influence of Socialist and Radical Ideas: The Paris Commune was heavily influenced by socialist and radical ideas that were gaining popularity in Europe during the 19th century. The ideas of Karl Marx and other socialist thinkers, advocating for workers' rights and the abolition of class distinctions, resonated with the working class in Paris and provided ideological support for the Commune [[4]].

5. Role of the National Guard: The National Guard, a citizen militia composed mainly of working-class Parisians, played a crucial role in the establishment and defense of the Paris Commune. The National Guard was initially formed to defend Paris against external threats but later became a key force in the Commune's governance and defense against the French government's attempts to suppress it [[5]].

6. Repressive Measures by the French Government: The repressive measures taken by the French government, led by Adolphe Thiers, against the Commune further radicalized its supporters and fueled the resistance. The government's decision to disarm the National Guard and its brutal suppression of the Commune's uprising led to widespread support for the Commune among the working class and intensified the conflict [[6]].

7. International Solidarity: The Paris Commune received international attention and support from various socialist and revolutionary movements around the world. The Commune's ideals of workers' control and direct democracy resonated with many, and its fall was mourned by socialists and radicals globally. This international solidarity helped to shape the perception and legacy of the Paris Commune [[7]].

In conclusion, the Paris Commune was influenced by a combination of political, social, economic, and ideological factors. The political and social context of France, the siege of Paris, the centralization of power, the influence of socialist and radical ideas, the role of the National Guard, repressive measures by the French government, and international solidarity all played a crucial role in the development and legacy of the Paris Commune.