Question

первые образовавшие славянские государства, их правителей, проводимые ими мероприятия и устройство государств.

Answer 1

Ответ:

Первые славянские княжества. Западные славяне, именно: поляки, чехи, моравы, и южные славяне, именно болгары, образовали государства ранее, чем русские славяне. Правители этих первых государств назывались князьями. В княжествах ранее, чем у других славян, стала распространяться христианская вера; так, моравы узнали о святой вере от немецких, или германских, проповедников, но эти проповедники совершали богослужение на латинском языке. Тогда моравский князь просил греческого императора прислать ему проповедников, знавших славянский язык. Посланные императором проповедники прибыли в столицу Моравии Велеград; это были греки, свв. братья Кирилл и Мефодий. Они еще ранее составили славянскую азбуку и перевели на славянский язык богослужебные книги и Священное Писание. С прибытием их вера Христова быстро стала распространяться между моравами, и от них ее приняли князья польский, чешский и некоторые другие славяне. Но скоро Моравское княжество сокрушил дикий кочевой народ венгры, или мадьяры, который и остался жить на низменности, получившей название Венгерской. После этого моравы и другие западные славяне, совершавшие богослужение на славянском языке и по греческому обряду, не могли уже сноситься с греками; немецкие проповедники усилились, и моравы, чехи и поляки стали совершать службу на латинском языке; но болгары, принявшие христианство также от греческих проповедников, удержали славянское богослужение, и от них оно перешло к сербам и к русским славянам.

Answer 2

Early Slavic States and Their Rulers

The formation of the early Slavic states and their rulers is a complex and multifaceted topic. The Slavic people, who originated in Eastern Europe, began to form their own states during the early medieval period. However, due to the limited information available, it is challenging to provide a detailed account of each individual state and its rulers. Nonetheless, I can provide some general information based on the available search results.

The early Slavic states emerged during a time of political and social transformation in Eastern Europe. These states were often small and decentralized, with power held by local rulers or tribal leaders. The rulers of these states were known by various titles, such as knyaz (prince) or voivode (warlord). They exercised authority over their respective territories and were responsible for maintaining order, defending against external threats, and overseeing the administration of justice.

One of the earliest known Slavic states was the Principality of Great Moravia, which existed from the 9th to the 10th century. Great Moravia was ruled by a series of princes, including Mojmir I, Rastislav, and Svatopluk. This state played a significant role in the spread of Christianity among the Slavic people, with the arrival of the Byzantine missionaries Cyril and Methodius.

Another notable Slavic state was Kievan Rus, which emerged in the 9th century in what is now modern-day Ukraine and Russia. The rulers of Kievan Rus, known as Grand Princes, held significant power and influence. The most famous ruler of Kievan Rus was Vladimir the Great, who converted to Christianity and established it as the state religion.

Measures and Governance of the Early Slavic States

The measures and governance of the early Slavic states varied depending on the specific state and its rulers. However, some common features can be identified.

1. Administration and Justice: The rulers of the early Slavic states were responsible for maintaining law and order within their territories. They established administrative systems to govern their subjects and resolve disputes. The exact structure of these systems varied, but they often included local officials and councils to assist in the administration of justice.

2. Military Defense: The rulers of the early Slavic states had to defend their territories against external threats, such as raids by neighboring tribes or invasions by foreign powers. They maintained armies and fortified their settlements to protect their subjects and maintain control over their lands.

3. Economic Activities: The early Slavic states engaged in various economic activities, including agriculture, trade, and craftsmanship. The rulers played a role in regulating and promoting economic development within their territories. They often established trade routes, encouraged the production of goods, and collected taxes or tributes to support their administration.

4. Religion and Culture: Religion played a significant role in the early Slavic states. Many of the rulers embraced Christianity and supported the establishment of churches and monasteries within their territories. They also patronized the arts and promoted cultural activities, contributing to the development of Slavic literature, architecture, and other forms of artistic expression.

It is important to note that the available search results do not provide comprehensive information on all the early Slavic states, their rulers, and their governance. The study of this topic requires a more in-depth exploration of historical sources and scholarly research.