Question

Определите, какие из приведённых ниже суждений иллюстрируют позицию учёных-норманистов, а какие — антинорманистов: 1) Варяги — это предки шведов 2) Варяги — это выходцы с южного берега Балтийского моря 3) Племена, проживавшие на территории России, были не в состоянии создать государство без помощи варягов 4) Варяги — это западные славяне

Answer 1

Ответ:

1) Норманисты 2) Антинорманисты 3) Норманисты 4) Антинорманисты

Объяснение: Надеюсь успела помочь

Answer 2

Position of Normanists and Anti-Normanists on the Origins of the Varangians

To determine which of the statements provided illustrate the position of Normanists or Anti-Normanists, we need to understand the context of the debate. The Varangians were a group of Scandinavian warriors and traders who played a significant role in the early medieval history of Eastern Europe, particularly in the formation of the early Russian state. The debate centers around the origins of the Varangians and their impact on the region.

Normanists argue that the Varangians were primarily of Scandinavian origin, specifically from what is now modern-day Sweden. They believe that the Varangians, also known as Vikings, were the ancestors of the Rus people and played a crucial role in the establishment of the early Russian state. Normanists generally support the idea that the Varangians brought with them advanced military tactics, trade networks, and cultural influences that contributed to the development of the region.

Anti-Normanists, on the other hand, challenge the Normanist perspective and propose alternative theories about the origins of the Varangians. They argue that the Varangians were not exclusively of Scandinavian origin but rather a diverse group of people from various regions, including the Baltic Sea area and the Slavic lands. Anti-Normanists often emphasize the role of indigenous Slavic tribes in the formation of the early Russian state, suggesting that the Varangians were not the sole driving force behind its development.

Now, let's analyze each statement and determine whether it aligns with the Normanist or Anti-Normanist position:

1. "The Varangians are the ancestors of the Swedes" - This statement aligns with the position of Normanists who argue that the Varangians were primarily of Scandinavian origin, specifically from Sweden.

2. "The Varangians are from the southern coast of the Baltic Sea" - This statement does not explicitly align with either the Normanist or Anti-Normanist position. It suggests a geographic origin for the Varangians but does not provide enough information to determine their ethnic or cultural background.

3. "The tribes living in Russia were unable to create a state without the help of the Varangians" - This statement aligns with the position of Normanists who argue that the Varangians played a crucial role in the formation of the early Russian state. They believe that the indigenous Slavic tribes required the assistance of the Varangians to establish a centralized political entity.

4. "The Varangians are Western Slavs" - This statement aligns with the position of Anti-Normanists who propose alternative theories about the origins of the Varangians. They argue that the Varangians were not exclusively of Scandinavian origin but rather included Western Slavs.

In summary, statement 1 aligns with the Normanist position, statement 3 aligns with the Normanist position, and statement 4 aligns with the Anti-Normanist position. Statement 2 does not explicitly align with either position.