Question

Объясните причины обострения борьбы за независимость Индии после второй мировой войны. К каким итогам она привела? Помогите,пожалуйста).

Answer 1

Потому что индийские войска воевали на стороне Объединённых Наций против фашизма. Потому что гордые сыны Индии не захотели больше быть пушечным мясом для Британии Потому что в Индии был Махатма Ганди с его Индийским Национальным конгрессом. Махатма проводил политику ненасильственного сопротивления колониальным (оккупационным) английским властям. Индию того времени называли Жемчужиной Британской короны. Достаточно сказать, что английский Гранд Флит был построен и содержался долгие годы только за счёт грабежа Индии!
Махатма придумал хорошую штуку: он начал кампанию по отказу от английских товаров. Тем самым ввёл экономику Британии в страшный кризис. И Британия, чтобы сохранить себя, была вынуждена предоставить независимость Индии. Правда, суки, нашкодили они там крепко, разделив некогда единую страну на Индию и Пакистан.

Answer 2

Causes of the Intensification of the Indian Independence Movement after World War II

The struggle for independence in India intensified after World War II due to several key factors. These factors include:

1. Impact of World War II: World War II had a significant impact on the Indian independence movement. The war exposed the weaknesses of colonial powers and their inability to protect their colonies. The Indian National Congress, led by figures like Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru, saw an opportunity to press for independence while the British Empire was weakened.

2. Indian Nationalism: The Indian independence movement had been gaining momentum for decades, driven by a growing sense of Indian nationalism. The movement sought to end British colonial rule and establish an independent India. The war further fueled this nationalism as Indians felt a stronger desire for self-rule and freedom from foreign domination.

3. Role of Indian National Congress: The Indian National Congress (INC) played a crucial role in the intensification of the independence movement. The INC, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, adopted nonviolent civil disobedience as a means to challenge British rule. The Quit India Movement launched by the INC in 1942 was a significant turning point in the struggle for independence.

4. Failure of British Promises: During the war, the British government made promises of greater self-governance and political reforms in India. However, these promises were not fulfilled, leading to disillusionment among Indian leaders and further fueling the demand for independence.

5. Role of Subhash Chandra Bose: Subhash Chandra Bose, a prominent Indian nationalist leader, played a significant role in the intensification of the independence movement. Bose formed the Indian National Army (INA) and sought support from Axis powers like Germany and Japan to fight against British rule. The INA's activities and Bose's efforts to mobilize support for independence added momentum to the movement.

Outcomes of the Intensification of the Indian Independence Movement

The intensification of the Indian independence movement after World War II had several outcomes. These outcomes include:

1. Partition of India: The struggle for independence eventually led to the partition of India in 1947. The British government, faced with mounting pressure and communal tensions between Hindus and Muslims, decided to divide the country into two separate nations: India and Pakistan. The partition resulted in widespread violence and mass migration, leading to the displacement of millions of people.

2. Independence of India: The intensification of the independence movement ultimately resulted in the independence of India from British colonial rule. On August 15, 1947, India achieved independence and became a sovereign nation. This marked the end of nearly 200 years of British rule in India.

3. Formation of the Indian Constitution: After independence, India embarked on the task of drafting a constitution. The Constituent Assembly, led by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, worked to create a democratic and inclusive constitution that would govern the newly independent nation. The Indian Constitution was adopted on January 26, 1950, and laid the foundation for a democratic and secular India.

4. Legacy of Nonviolent Resistance: The Indian independence movement, particularly the nonviolent methods employed by Mahatma Gandhi, left a lasting impact on the world. Gandhi's philosophy of nonviolence and civil disobedience inspired other movements for freedom and social justice around the globe.

In conclusion, the intensification of the Indian independence movement after World War II was driven by various factors, including the impact of the war, Indian nationalism, the role of the Indian National Congress, the failure of British promises, and the efforts of leaders like Subhash Chandra Bose. The outcomes of this intensification included the partition of India, the independence of India, the formation of the Indian Constitution, and the legacy of nonviolent resistance.