Question

Почему страны у которых есть много полезных ископаемых не могут стать богатыми​

Answer 1

Ответ:

При рассмотрении природных ресурсов важно оценивать ресурсообеспеченность, т.е. соотношение между разведанными запасами ресурсов и объемами их использования. Ресурсообеспеченность исчерпаемых невозобновляемых ресурсов оценивается количеством лет, на которые хватит этих ресурсов при современном уровне добычи. Для возобновляемых ресурсов определяют величину этих ресурсов, приходящуюся на душу населения.

Answer 2

Why can countries with abundant natural resources not become rich?

Countries with abundant natural resources do not always become rich due to a variety of factors. While natural resources can provide a potential source of wealth, their exploitation and management can be complex and challenging. Here are some reasons why countries with abundant natural resources may struggle to become rich:

1. Resource Curse: The "resource curse" refers to the phenomenon where countries rich in natural resources experience slower economic growth, higher levels of corruption, and increased inequality. This is often attributed to factors such as over-reliance on a single resource, mismanagement of revenues, lack of diversification, and weak governance.

2. Volatility of Commodity Prices: Many countries with abundant natural resources heavily depend on the export of commodities such as oil, gas, minerals, or agricultural products. The prices of these commodities can be highly volatile, leading to fluctuations in revenue and economic instability.

3. Lack of Diversification: Over-reliance on a single resource can make a country vulnerable to price fluctuations and market shocks. Failure to diversify the economy and develop other sectors, such as manufacturing, services, or technology, can hinder long-term economic growth.

4. Weak Institutions and Governance: Effective governance, transparency, and strong institutions are crucial for managing natural resources and ensuring that the benefits are distributed equitably. Weak governance, corruption, and lack of accountability can lead to the mismanagement of resources and hinder economic development.

5. Infrastructure and Human Capital: Developing the necessary infrastructure, such as transportation networks, power supply, and communication systems, is essential for resource extraction and export. Additionally, investing in education, healthcare, and skills development is crucial for building a skilled workforce that can contribute to economic diversification and innovation.

6. Environmental and Social Challenges: The extraction and exploitation of natural resources can have negative environmental and social impacts. Issues such as environmental degradation, displacement of local communities, and conflicts over resource ownership can hinder sustainable development and create social unrest.

It is important to note that while these factors can pose challenges, they do not guarantee that countries with abundant natural resources will be unable to become rich. With proper management, good governance, and strategic investments, countries can leverage their natural resources to drive sustainable economic growth and development.