Question

Які країни, повпливали на розвиток культури Японії, і як саме, і чи впливала Японії на Розвиток Європйської цивілізації в Середньовіччя? Помогите пожалуйста

Answer 1

Ответ:

В острівній Японії сформувалися один народ, одна мова і одна культура. Основи цієї гомогенності були закладені в період Едо (1603 — 1867), коли країна проводила політику ізоляції від Заходу. Після реставрації Мейдзі 1868 року розпочалось свідоме будівництво японської національної держави, що сприяло уніфікації культури. Зокрема була проведена стандартизація японської мови, впроваджено єдину загальнонаціональну освітню і податкову системи, встановлено державну релігію синто, запроваджено військову повинність і створено єдину політичну систему цінностей на чолі з Імператором, символом нації. Ці заходи сприяли появі гомогенного національно-культурного простору. Його подальшій еволюції сприяв розвиток японської освіти та засобів масової інформації

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Influence of Countries on the Development of Japanese Culture

The development of Japanese culture has been influenced by various countries throughout history. Some of the major countries that have had an impact on Japanese culture include:

1. China: China has had a significant influence on Japanese culture, particularly during the early stages of Japan's history. The introduction of Buddhism, Confucianism, and Chinese writing systems greatly influenced Japanese religion, philosophy, and language. Chinese art, architecture, and literature also had a profound impact on Japanese culture [[1]].

2. Korea: Korea has played a crucial role in shaping Japanese culture, especially in terms of art, architecture, and technology. Korean artisans and craftsmen were brought to Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries, introducing new techniques and styles that greatly influenced Japanese art and architecture. Korean influence can be seen in traditional Japanese pottery, ceramics, and Buddhist sculptures [[2]].

3. India: Buddhism, which originated in India, was introduced to Japan in the 6th century and had a profound impact on Japanese culture. Buddhist teachings and practices influenced Japanese art, architecture, and philosophy. The concept of Zen Buddhism, in particular, had a significant influence on Japanese culture, including the arts, tea ceremonies, and martial arts [[3]].

4. Western Countries: In more recent history, Western countries, particularly the United States, have had a significant influence on Japanese culture. After Japan opened its doors to the West in the mid-19th century, Western ideas, technology, and cultural elements were adopted and integrated into Japanese society. This influence can be seen in various aspects of Japanese culture, including fashion, music, cuisine, and architecture [[4]].

Influence of Japan on the Development of European Civilization in the Middle Ages

During the Middle Ages, Japan had limited direct influence on the development of European civilization. The geographical distance between Japan and Europe, as well as the differences in culture and political systems, made direct interaction and influence challenging.

However, there were some indirect influences and exchanges between Japan and Europe during this period. One notable example is the trade relationship between Europe and Japan through the Silk Road. The Silk Road facilitated the exchange of goods, ideas, and technologies between Europe and Asia, including Japan. This trade route allowed for the transmission of knowledge and cultural elements between the two regions.

Additionally, the travels of Marco Polo, an Italian merchant, explorer, and writer, introduced Europeans to the wonders of the East, including Japan. His writings sparked curiosity and interest in Asian cultures, including Japan, among Europeans.

It is important to note that the direct influence of Japan on European civilization during the Middle Ages was limited. The major cultural exchanges and influences between Japan and Europe occurred during later periods, such as the Age of Exploration and the Meiji Restoration in Japan.