Question

Разделение христианской церкви на католическую и православную произошло (впишите год) а) в 10 веке______________; б) в 12 веке ------------------------ ; в) в 11 веке ------------------------;г) в 13 веке______________;

Answer 1

 разделение произошло в 1054 году

Answer 2

The Split of the Christian Church into Catholic and Orthodox

The split of the Christian Church into the Catholic and Orthodox branches occurred in the following time periods:

a) In the 11th century, specifically in the year 1054. This event is known as the Great Schism. The primary cause of the split was a combination of theological, political, and cultural differences between the Western (Roman) and Eastern (Byzantine) branches of Christianity. The main points of contention included the authority of the Pope, the use of unleavened bread in the Eucharist, and the insertion of the Filioque clause into the Nicene Creed [[1]].

b) In the 12th century, there was no significant split between the Catholic and Orthodox churches. However, this period saw the rise of the Crusades, which were military campaigns launched by Western European Christians to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim control. The Crusades had a profound impact on relations between the Catholic and Orthodox churches, but they did not result in a formal split during this time [[2]].

c) In the 11th century, there was no significant split between the Catholic and Orthodox churches. However, this period saw the Investiture Controversy, a power struggle between the papacy and secular rulers over the appointment of bishops and other church officials. While this conflict strained relations between the Catholic Church and various secular powers, it did not lead to a formal split between the Catholic and Orthodox churches [[3]].

d) In the 13th century, specifically in the year 1204, the Fourth Crusade resulted in the sacking of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. This event further strained relations between the Catholic and Orthodox churches and contributed to the eventual permanent split between the two branches of Christianity. The Fourth Crusade led to the establishment of the Latin Empire in Constantinople, which lasted until 1261. The Latin Empire and the subsequent Byzantine Empire were both Catholic, while the Orthodox Church continued to exist in other parts of the Byzantine Empire and beyond [[4]].

To summarize, the split of the Christian Church into the Catholic and Orthodox branches occurred in the year 1054 (a), and the events in the 12th century (b) and 11th century (c) did not result in a formal split. The events of the 13th century, specifically the Fourth Crusade in 1204 (d), further strained relations and contributed to the permanent split between the Catholic and Orthodox churches.