Question

ПЖЖППЖПЖПЖПЖПЖПЖППЖПЖППЖЖПЖПЖ!!!!! СРОЧНО!!!!!!! 40 БАЛОВ ДАЮ!!!!!! Почему турецкий султан Осман II и король Англии Карл I не смогли установить неограниченную власть? (не менее 3-х причин)

Answer 1

Ответ:

Карл I (1600-1649) – английский король (с 1625 года) из династии Стюартов.

В 1649 году парламент приговорил короля к смерти по обвинению в «государственной измене».

30 января 1649 года король был публично обезглавлен в Лондоне.

Объяснение:

детальнее можете прочитать здесь:

https://infourok.ru/karl-i-i-osman-ii-ne-smogli-stat-absolyutnimi-monarhami-2596515.html

Answer 2

The Limitations of Sultan Osman II's Power:

1. Opposition from the Janissaries: Sultan Osman II faced significant opposition from the powerful Janissary corps, which was an elite military force in the Ottoman Empire. Osman II sought to reform and modernize the army, which included reducing the influence and privileges of the Janissaries. However, his attempts to assert control over the Janissaries led to a rebellion against him. The Janissaries ultimately deposed and executed Osman II in 1622 [[1]].

2. Challenges from the Ottoman Empire's Traditional Power Structure: The Ottoman Empire had a complex system of governance that included various institutions and power centers. The sultan's authority was not absolute, and he had to navigate the influence of other key figures, such as the Grand Vizier and the religious establishment. These power dynamics limited Osman II's ability to exercise unrestricted power and implement his desired reforms [[2]].

3. Resistance from Provincial Governors: Another factor that limited Osman II's power was the resistance he faced from provincial governors, known as beylerbeyis. These governors held significant power and often acted independently, challenging the central authority of the sultan. Osman II's attempts to centralize power and assert control over the provinces were met with resistance, further constraining his ability to establish unlimited authority [[3]].

The Limitations of King Charles I's Power:

1. Conflict with Parliament: King Charles I of England faced significant challenges in his attempts to establish unlimited power due to his conflicts with Parliament. Charles I believed in the divine right of kings and sought to rule without the need for parliamentary approval. However, his attempts to levy taxes without parliamentary consent and his disregard for parliamentary authority led to tensions and eventually to the English Civil War. The conflict ultimately resulted in Charles I's defeat, trial, and execution in 1649 [[4]].

2. Religious and Political Opposition: Charles I's attempts to impose religious policies that were seen as too Catholic-leaning faced opposition from Protestant factions in England. His marriage to a Catholic princess and his attempts to enforce religious conformity further alienated various political and religious groups. This opposition weakened his position and limited his ability to consolidate unlimited power [[5]].

3. Financial Constraints: Charles I faced significant financial challenges during his reign. His need for funds to support his military campaigns and his extravagant lifestyle led to conflicts with Parliament over taxation and control of finances. The financial constraints he faced further limited his ability to establish unrestricted power [[6]].

In summary, both Sultan Osman II and King Charles I faced limitations in their attempts to establish unlimited power. Sultan Osman II faced opposition from the Janissaries, challenges from the Ottoman Empire's power structure, and resistance from provincial governors. King Charles I faced conflict with Parliament, religious and political opposition, and financial constraints. These factors ultimately prevented both rulers from achieving their goal of unrestricted authority.