Question

Эссе .срочно.Влияние ислама на развитие общественно-политической мысли в Средние века».​

Answer 1

Объяснение:

Мать-земля! С древних времён тувинцы боготворили землю, считая её священной. ... Любя с трепетом, они оберегали священную землю под Вечно Синим Небом, ласково называя её Мать-земля

1. Предпосылки и условия развития общественно-политической мысли в древности и Средневековье. История общественно-политической мысли уходит в глубокую древность, поскольку подобные идеи рождаются вместе с появлением государства. На территории Казахстана первые государственные образования создали древние сакские племена еще в VIII–III веках до н.э. Саки обладали высокоразвитой культурой – имели свою письменность, мифологию, уникальное ювелирное искусство «звериного стиля», которое сложилось как выражение мировоззрения и идеологии кочевников. Важнейшими источниками истории сакских племен, их материальной и духовной культуры являются археологические памятники – курганы, наскальные рисунки и мн. др. Так, в кургане Иссык, на месте захоронения «Золотого человека», были обнаружены серебряная чаша с надписью из 26 знаков и многочисленные предметы искусства, выполненные в «зверином стиле». Сведения о саках мы также встречаем в персидских, греческих и китайских источниках.

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Answer 2

The Influence of Islam on the Development of Socio-Political Thought in the Middle Ages

Islam, one of the world's major religions, had a significant impact on the development of socio-political thought during the Middle Ages. The spread of Islam across various regions, including the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Europe, brought about significant changes in governance, law, and social structures. Let's explore some key aspects of the influence of Islam on the development of socio-political thought during this period.

1. Islamic Governance and Political Structures: Islam introduced a unique system of governance known as the Caliphate. The Caliphate was a political and religious institution that emerged after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. It aimed to establish a unified Muslim state under the leadership of a caliph, who was considered the successor to the Prophet. The caliph was responsible for implementing Islamic law (Sharia) and ensuring justice and welfare for the Muslim community (ummah).

2. Islamic Law and Jurisprudence: Islamic law, known as Sharia, played a crucial role in shaping the socio-political thought of the Middle Ages. Sharia encompasses a wide range of legal principles derived from the Quran (the holy book of Islam) and the Hadith (the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad). It covers various aspects of life, including personal conduct, family law, criminal justice, and economic matters. Sharia provided a comprehensive legal framework that influenced governance, social norms, and individual behavior.

3. Islamic Philosophy and Intellectual Tradition: During the Middle Ages, Islamic scholars made significant contributions to philosophy, science, and other intellectual disciplines. Islamic philosophy, heavily influenced by Greek philosophy, sought to reconcile reason and faith. Prominent Muslim philosophers such as Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Al-Farabi, and Ibn Rushd (Averroes) explored topics such as metaphysics, ethics, and political philosophy. Their works had a profound impact on the development of socio-political thought in the Middle Ages.

4. Islamic Societal Values and Social Structures: Islam introduced a set of societal values and social structures that influenced the socio-political landscape of the Middle Ages. Islamic teachings emphasized principles such as justice, equality, compassion, and the importance of community. These values shaped various aspects of society, including governance, family life, economic practices, and the treatment of minorities. Islamic societies developed complex social structures, including the division of society into different classes and the establishment of institutions to support the welfare of the less fortunate.

5. Islamic Influence on Europe: The influence of Islam on the development of socio-political thought in the Middle Ages extended beyond the Islamic world itself. Through trade, cultural exchange, and intellectual interactions, Islamic ideas and knowledge reached Europe. Muslim scholars and their works were translated into Latin, contributing to the revival of learning in Europe during the Renaissance. Islamic political and legal concepts, such as the idea of a just ruler and the importance of law, had a lasting impact on European political thought.

In conclusion, Islam had a profound influence on the development of socio-political thought during the Middle Ages. The introduction of the Caliphate, the establishment of Sharia law, the contributions of Muslim philosophers, the promotion of societal values, and the transmission of Islamic knowledge to Europe all played significant roles in shaping the socio-political landscape of the time.