Question

Как изменилось положение крепостных крестьян, дворянства, купеческий при Елизавете? Чьё положение ухудшилось, а чьё улучшилось и почему?

Answer 1

Положение крестьян ухудшилось, а дворянства улучилось, тк правление Елизаветы полностью опиралось на дворянство как класс, и ее политика была от этого класса зависима. Вообще положение крестьянства в России ухудшалось на протяжении укрепления позиций дворянства - от Иоана 4 до Александра 2, когда власть была вынуждена пойти на уступки в связи с волнениями в народе и осознаванием бесперспективности дальнейшего развития феодализма.

Answer 2

Так Елизавета хотела улучшить отношение с дворянами и боярами( чтобы если что они поддерживали Елизавету в войне) и она ввела новые правила и добавила новые привилегии. А отношение к -крестьянам наоборот ухудшилось так как им приходилось платить больше налогов и также подушную подать

Answer 3

Changes in the Position of Serfs, Nobility, and Merchants under Elizabeth I

During the reign of Elizabeth I, there were significant changes in the position of serfs, nobility, and merchants in Russia. Let's explore how their positions were affected and who experienced improvements or deteriorations in their status.

Serfs: Under Elizabeth I, the position of serfs, who were essentially unfree peasants tied to the land, did not see significant improvements. Serfdom remained a prevalent system in Russia, and serfs continued to be bound to their landlords and subjected to their control. The serfs were obligated to provide labor and pay various dues to their landlords, which limited their freedom and economic opportunities.

Nobility: The nobility, comprising the highest social class in Russia, experienced improvements in their position during Elizabeth I's reign. The nobles held significant power and influence in society, and their privileges were further strengthened under her rule. Elizabeth I granted the nobility extensive land rights, allowing them to expand their estates and increase their wealth and influence. The nobles also enjoyed exemptions from certain taxes and had the authority to administer justice within their territories.

Merchants: The position of merchants, who were part of the urban middle class, also saw improvements during Elizabeth I's reign. The growth of trade and commerce in Russia led to the emergence of a prosperous merchant class. Elizabeth I recognized the importance of merchants for economic development and trade, and she implemented policies to support their activities. She encouraged foreign trade and granted privileges to merchants, such as tax exemptions and the right to establish guilds and trading companies. These measures contributed to the growth of the merchant class and their increasing wealth and influence.

Reasons for Changes in Position

The changes in the position of serfs, nobility, and merchants under Elizabeth I can be attributed to several factors:

1. Economic Development: Elizabeth I's reign witnessed economic growth and the expansion of trade and commerce. This created opportunities for the nobility and merchants to accumulate wealth and increase their influence. The growth of the merchant class also contributed to the overall prosperity of the country.

2. Political Considerations: Elizabeth I recognized the importance of maintaining the support of the nobility and merchants for political stability. Granting privileges and rights to these groups helped secure their loyalty and cooperation. Strengthening the nobility also served to consolidate her own power and authority.

3. Modernization Efforts: Elizabeth I implemented various reforms aimed at modernizing Russia and promoting its development. These reforms included encouraging foreign trade, improving infrastructure, and supporting the growth of industries. These efforts benefited both the nobility and merchants, as they were able to take advantage of the new opportunities created by these reforms.

In conclusion, under Elizabeth I's reign, the position of serfs remained largely unchanged, while the nobility and merchants experienced improvements in their status. The nobility benefited from increased privileges and land rights, while the merchants enjoyed support for their trade and commerce activities. These changes were influenced by factors such as economic development, political considerations, and modernization efforts.