Question

Международные отношения в 18в. Задание: распределите предложения по 6 столбцамИспанское наследство, Австрийское наследство, Семилетняя война, Польша, Северная война, Войны с Турцией 1.В главном выигрыше оказалась Англия, ставшая владычицей морей 2. Дания, Саксония, Россия против Швеции 3.выход России в Балтийское море 4.1701-1714гг 5.турецкий флот уничтожен 6.Ништадский мир 7.императрица Елизавета Петровна на дух не переносила прусского короля Фридриха 2 8.Аахенский мир 9.Россия приобрела Правобережную Украину, часть Западной Украину,Белоруссию 10.1740-1748гг 11.Карл 12 Габсбург не имел наследников 12.Утрёхтский мир 13.получить выход к Чёрному морю 14.Фридрих 2 лишил Австрию чуть ли не половины ее армии 15.Больше всего земель получила Пруссия 16.1756-1763гг 17.Англия поддержала Австрию 18.Кючук-Кайнарджийский мир​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Испанское наследство-1 4 12

Австрийское наследство-8 9 10 11

Семилетняя война-7 14 15 16

Польша-18 17

Северная война-2 3 6

Войны с Турцией-5 13

(не уверен на сто процентов в верности ответов, чтобы потом претензий небыло)

Объяснение:

Answer 2

International Relations in the 18th Century

The international relations in the 18th century were marked by various conflicts and power struggles among European nations. Here is a breakdown of the provided sentences into six columns:

# Column 1: Spanish Inheritance, Austrian Inheritance, Seven Years' War

- Spanish Inheritance: The Spanish Inheritance refers to the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714), which was fought over the succession to the Spanish throne after the death of Charles II of Spain. It involved several European powers, including England, France, and Austria. The war ended with the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713-1714, which established the Bourbon dynasty in Spain and led to territorial changes in Europe. [[1]] - Austrian Inheritance: The Austrian Inheritance likely refers to the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748), which was fought over the inheritance of the Habsburg territories. It involved several European powers, including Austria, Prussia, and France. The war ended with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748, which confirmed Maria Theresa's right to the Habsburg lands. [[2]] - Seven Years' War: The Seven Years' War (1756-1763) was a global conflict involving major European powers, including Great Britain, France, and Prussia. It was fought primarily over colonial territories and trade. The war ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which resulted in significant territorial changes and solidified Great Britain's position as a global colonial power. [[3]]

# Column 2: Poland, Northern War, Wars with Turkey

- Poland: The sentence likely refers to Poland's involvement in various conflicts during the 18th century. Poland experienced internal strife and external invasions during this period, including the Great Northern War (1700-1721) and wars with Russia, Prussia, and Austria. These conflicts weakened Poland and eventually led to its partition and loss of independence in the late 18th century. [[4]] - Northern War: The Northern War (1700-1721) was a conflict primarily between Sweden and a coalition of Russia, Denmark-Norway, and Saxony-Poland. The war resulted in territorial changes in Northern Europe and marked the decline of Sweden as a major power. [[5]] - Wars with Turkey: The wars with Turkey likely refer to the series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and various European powers, including Russia and Austria, during the 18th century. These wars were fought over territorial disputes and control of trade routes. One notable conflict was the Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774, which resulted in territorial gains for Russia. [[6]]

# Column 3: Russia's Baltic Sea Access, Destruction of the Turkish Fleet, Treaty of Nystad

- Russia's Baltic Sea Access: The sentence refers to Russia's expansion and acquisition of access to the Baltic Sea during the Great Northern War. As a result of the war, Russia gained territories that provided it with direct access to the Baltic Sea, strengthening its position as a major European power. [[7]] - Destruction of the Turkish Fleet: The sentence likely refers to a specific event during one of the Russo-Turkish Wars. Unfortunately, the provided information does not specify which war or event is being referred to. It is important to note that conflicts between Russia and the Ottoman Empire often involved naval battles in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. [[8]] - Treaty of Nystad: The Treaty of Nystad was signed in 1721, ending the Great Northern War between Sweden and Russia. The treaty resulted in territorial changes, with Russia gaining significant territories in the Baltic region, including Estonia, Livonia, and Ingria. [[9]]

# Column 4: Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, Prussian King Frederick II, Aachen Peace

- Empress Elizabeth Petrovna: Empress Elizabeth Petrovna was the Empress of Russia from 1741 to 1762. She pursued an expansionist policy and sought to strengthen Russia's position as a major European power. It is mentioned that she had a strong dislike for the Prussian King Frederick II. [[10]] - Prussian King Frederick II: Frederick II, also known as Frederick the Great, was the King of Prussia from 1740 to 1786. He played a significant role in shaping Prussia into a major European power through military reforms and territorial expansion. It is mentioned that he faced opposition from Empress Elizabeth Petrovna of Russia. [[11]] - Aachen Peace: The Aachen Peace likely refers to the Treaty of Aachen, also known as the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, which ended the War of the Austrian Succession in 1748. The treaty confirmed the territorial status quo and restored most of the occupied territories. It marked a period of relative peace in Europe until the outbreak of the Seven Years' War. [[12]]

# Column 5: Russia's Acquisition of Ukrainian and Belarusian Territories, Charles XII of Sweden, Utrecht Peace

- Russia's Acquisition of Ukrainian and Belarusian Territories: The sentence refers to Russia's territorial gains in the 18th century, specifically the acquisition of territories in Ukraine and Belarus. These territories were acquired through various conflicts and treaties, including the Treaty of Nystad (1721) and the Treaty of Abo (1743). These acquisitions expanded Russia's influence and control over Eastern Europe. [[13]] - Charles XII of Sweden: Charles XII was the King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. He played a significant role in the Great Northern War and was known for his military prowess. However, his defeat at the Battle of Poltava in 1709 marked a turning point in the war and led to Sweden's decline as a major power. [[14]] - Utrecht Peace: The Utrecht Peace refers to the Treaty of Utrecht, which was signed in 1713-1714 to end the War of the Spanish Succession. The treaty established a balance of power in Europe and resulted in territorial changes, including the transfer of Spanish territories to other European powers. [[15]]

# Column 6: Prussia's Gain of Land, Anglo-Austrian Alliance, Kuchuk-Kainarji Peace

- Prussia's Gain of Land: The sentence likely refers to Prussia's territorial gains during the 18th century, particularly through the wars it fought. Prussia, under the leadership of Frederick II, expanded its territories and influence, notably through the acquisition of Silesia during the War of the Austrian Succession. [[16]] - Anglo-Austrian Alliance: The Anglo-Austrian Alliance refers to the alliance between Great Britain and Austria during the 18th century. This alliance was formed to counter the growing power of France and maintain a balance of power in Europe. It was particularly significant during the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War. [[17]] - Kuchuk-Kainarji Peace: The Kuchuk-Kainarji Peace refers to the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji, which was signed in 1774 between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire. The treaty ended the Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774 and resulted in territorial gains for Russia, including access to the Black Sea and the recognition of Russia's protectorate over Crimea. [[18]]

Please note that the provided sentences have been organized into columns based on their content and context. The information provided is a summary of the historical events and does not cover all the complexities and nuances of international relations in the 18th century.