Question

ВСЕМИРНАЯ ИСТОРИЯ.Проверь себя Задание. Вставь пропущенные слова. ........- два древних народа, создавших культуру Древней Месопотамии в доли В этом регионе было много ..., из которой делали кирпичи и строили здания не рек...и.... Эти реки впадают в .... Основное занятие жителей Месопотамии- Письмо на глиняных табличках называлось.... Самыми крупными городами был . Жители Месопотамии проложили каналы, построили дамбы. Такая систе *** *** *** * ма орошения называлась ... . ... Это были многосту В аккадский период появилась новая форма храма пенчатые башни. Ярусы окрашивали ....... цвета. Таким образом создавалас в «лестница в небо», на вершине которой располагалось святилище - дом Бога В ХХI веке до н. э. в городе был сооружен трехъярусный храм высотс в 21 метр. С его верхней площадки жрецы вели наблюдение за ... . ...​

Answer 1

Ancient Mesopotamia and its Civilization

Ancient Mesopotamia was a region located in the valley between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which is now part of modern-day Iraq. It was home to two ancient civilizations, the Sumerians and the Akkadians, who developed a rich and influential culture in the region.

The Sumerians were the first civilization to emerge in Mesopotamia around 4000 BCE. They built cities and developed advanced systems of writing, mathematics, and law. The Sumerians used clay from the riverbanks to make bricks for building and constructed impressive structures such as ziggurats, which were stepped pyramids used as religious temples [[1]].

The main rivers in Mesopotamia, the Tigris and Euphrates, played a crucial role in the development of the civilization. They provided water for irrigation, allowing the Sumerians to cultivate crops and create a surplus of food. This surplus led to the growth of cities and the establishment of a complex social and economic system [[2]].

Writing was an essential aspect of Sumerian culture, and they used clay tablets to record information. The writing system, known as cuneiform, involved making wedge-shaped marks on the tablets using a stylus. These clay tablets contained various types of information, including administrative records, legal codes, and literary works [[3]].

The largest cities in Mesopotamia were Ur, Uruk, and Babylon. These cities were centers of trade, religion, and political power. They had impressive architecture, including palaces, temples, and city walls. The city of Babylon, in particular, became a major cultural and political center under the rule of Hammurabi [[4]].

To manage the water supply for irrigation, the people of Mesopotamia built canals and dams. This irrigation system allowed them to control the flow of water and distribute it to the fields. The canals and dams were collectively known as a "system of irrigation" [[5]].

During the Akkadian period, a new architectural form emerged in Mesopotamia known as the ziggurat. Ziggurats were massive stepped towers with a temple on the top. The tiers of the ziggurat were often painted in different colors, creating a striking visual effect. These structures were believed to be a connection between heaven and earth and served as religious centers [[6]].

In the 21st century BCE, a three-tiered temple was constructed in the city, reaching a height of 21 meters. From the top platform of the temple, priests conducted observations of the stars and planets, which were important for religious and agricultural purposes [[7]].

Overall, the civilization of ancient Mesopotamia made significant contributions to human history, including the development of writing, the establishment of complex societies, and advancements in architecture and irrigation systems.