Question

Задание 1. Используя текст и знания, ответить на поставленные вопросы. (4Б) В начале 17 века падишах Империи Великих Моголов дал Британской Ост-Индской компании торговли и обоснования в Бомбее. Затем, через какой то время, англичане обосновались уже в Бенгали Калькутту. После появления французов в конце 17 века в Индии, у них началось противостояние с анг отсчета начала военной экспансии англичан в Индии, стал разгром бенгальского правителя под коман Клайва в 1757 году. В ходе Семилетней войны 1756—1763 гг. соперничество Великобритании и Фран ИНДИИ ПОДХОдит к концу. Франция терпит поражение, оставив за собой лишь некоторые опорные пун После этого, у Великобритании были "развязаны руки" на покорение всей Индии. Небольшие княжества, разбросанные по территории Индостана, зачастую были вынуждены иш Англией взамен на военное и экономическое покровительство, которое часто было несправедливым индийскому народу. Экспорт индийских товаров, в том числе зерновых и бобовых, был настолько ве крестьянам попросту не хватало пропитания. Впрочем, неурядицы индийцев мало волновали англича конце мира стремительно процветала благодаря монополии. 1. Почему англичанам удалось подчинить себе такую большую страну, как Индия?

Answer 1

Ответ:

1. Потому-что у англичан было хорошо развито военное оборудование.

Answer 2

British Colonization of India

In the early 17th century, the Mughal Emperor of the Great Mughal Empire granted the British East India Company trading and settlement rights in Bombay. Later, the British established themselves in Calcutta in Bengal. The arrival of the French in India in the late 17th century led to a rivalry between the British and the French. The military expansion of the British in India began with the defeat of the Bengal ruler under the command of Robert Clive in 1757. The Seven Years' War (1756-1763) marked the end of the British-French rivalry in India, with France suffering defeat and retaining only a few strategic points.

Factors that Enabled British Conquest

Several factors contributed to the British conquest of India:

1. Military Superiority: The British had a significant military advantage over the Indian rulers. They had well-trained armies, advanced weaponry, and superior naval power, which played a crucial role in their conquest.

2. Political Fragmentation: India was divided into numerous small kingdoms and princely states, which often lacked unity and coordination. The British exploited these divisions and played one ruler against another, weakening their resistance.

3. Economic Exploitation: The British East India Company established a monopoly over trade in India, which allowed them to control and exploit the Indian economy. They imposed heavy taxes, manipulated trade policies, and extracted resources from India, leading to economic impoverishment.

4. Superior Organizational Structure: The British East India Company had a well-organized administrative and bureaucratic system, which enabled them to effectively govern and control the territories they acquired. They established a system of indirect rule, using local rulers as puppets while retaining ultimate control.

5. Technological Advancements: The British had access to advanced technology, such as steam-powered ships and modern weaponry, which gave them a significant advantage over the Indian rulers.

6. Divide and Rule Policy: The British employed a policy of "divide and rule," exploiting existing religious, cultural, and social divisions within Indian society. They played different groups against each other, further weakening resistance to their rule.

7. Weakness of Indian Armies: The Indian rulers often had outdated military tactics and equipment compared to the British. They lacked a unified military strategy and were unable to effectively counter the British forces.

It is important to note that the British colonization of India was a complex and multifaceted process, influenced by various historical, political, and economic factors. The conquest of such a vast country as India was not solely due to one factor but rather a combination of military, political, economic, and social factors that favored the British