Question

ПОЖАЛУЙСТА НАДО СРОЧНО!!! 1.1.Наведіть приклади типів джерел, за якими вивчається історія України в Середні віки. Які, на вашу думку, є найважливішими? Чому? 1.2. Складіть таблицю "словянські племінні союзи" Племінні союзи Територія розселення

Answer 1

1.1. Типи джерел, за якими вивчається історія України в Середні віки:

Писемні джерела, такі як літописи, документи, листування.

Археологічні розкопки та артефакти.

Усна традиція та фольклор.

Мовні джерела, такі як старослов'янські тексты.

Іконографія та образотворче мистецтво.

Найважливішими є писемні джерела, такі як літописи, оскільки вони надають детальну інформацію про події та подільників історії. Також археологічні розкопки важливі для реконструкції матеріальної культури та соціального життя. Усна традиція та фольклор можуть допомогти розуміти погляди та переконання того часу.

1.2. Таблиця "словянські племінні союзи":

Племінний союз -Територія розселення

Дуліби-Південна Україна

Вятичі - Південна та Східна Україна

Тиверці -Західна Україна

Уличі -Північна Україна

Древляни -Лісостеп України

Радимичі- Північно-східна Україна

Ляхи (Поляни)- Центральна Україна

Answer 2

Types of Sources for Studying the History of Ukraine in the Middle Ages

When studying the history of Ukraine in the Middle Ages, there are several types of sources that can be used to gather information. These sources provide valuable insights into the political, social, cultural, and economic aspects of the time period. Here are some examples of the types of sources commonly used:

1. Chronicles: Chronicles are historical narratives written by chroniclers who recorded events and important figures of their time. They provide a chronological account of historical events and often include details about rulers, wars, and significant developments. One example of a chronicle is the "Primary Chronicle" (also known as the "Tale of Bygone Years"), which covers the early history of the Eastern Slavs, including the Kievan Rus.

2. Archaeological Finds: Archaeological excavations and discoveries provide tangible evidence of past civilizations. Artifacts such as pottery, tools, weapons, and architectural remains can shed light on the material culture, trade networks, and daily life of people in the Middle Ages. For example, excavations at the ancient city of Chersonesus in Crimea have revealed valuable insights into the Byzantine and medieval periods in the region.

3. Legal Documents: Legal documents, such as charters, deeds, and contracts, offer insights into the legal and administrative systems of the time. They can provide information about land ownership, property rights, and legal disputes. These documents often survive in archives and libraries and can be valuable sources for understanding the social and economic structures of medieval Ukraine.

4. Hagiographies: Hagiographies are biographies of saints and religious figures. They provide information about the religious beliefs, practices, and institutions of the time. Hagiographies often contain details about the lives of saints, miracles attributed to them, and their impact on society. These texts can be valuable for understanding the religious and cultural landscape of medieval Ukraine.

5. Numismatic Evidence: Coins and other forms of currency can provide insights into economic systems, trade routes, and political alliances. Numismatic evidence can help historians understand the economic relationships between different regions and the circulation of goods and wealth. Coins minted in medieval Ukraine, such as the Kyivan Rus silver hryvnia, can provide valuable information about the economic history of the region.

The Most Important Types of Sources

Among the types of sources mentioned above, the most important ones for studying the history of Ukraine in the Middle Ages may vary depending on the specific research question or topic. However, chronicles and archaeological finds are generally considered to be the most important sources for understanding the history of Ukraine in this period.

Chronicles provide valuable written accounts of historical events, rulers, and societal developments. They offer insights into the political, social, and cultural aspects of the time. The "Primary Chronicle" is particularly significant as it covers the early history of the Eastern Slavs, including the Kievan Rus, which played a crucial role in the formation of Ukrainian identity.

Archaeological finds, on the other hand, provide tangible evidence of past civilizations. They offer insights into the material culture, trade networks, and daily life of people in the Middle Ages. Excavations at sites like Chersonesus in Crimea have revealed valuable information about Byzantine and medieval periods in the region.

By combining information from chronicles and archaeological finds, historians can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the history of Ukraine in the Middle Ages.

Table: Slavic Tribal Unions

Here is a table outlining some of the Slavic tribal unions and their territories of settlement:

| Tribal Union | Territory of Settlement | |--------------|------------------------| | Polans | Central and Eastern Ukraine, parts of Belarus | | Drevlians | Central and Northern Ukraine, parts of Belarus | | Severians | Eastern Ukraine, parts of Russia | | Radimichs | Eastern Ukraine, parts of Belarus and Russia | | Vyatichs | Central and Northern Ukraine, parts of Russia | | White Croats | Western Ukraine, parts of Poland and Slovakia | | Tiverians | Southern Ukraine, parts of Russia | | Ulichs | Western Ukraine, parts of Poland and Slovakia | | Dulebes | Western Ukraine, parts of Poland and Slovakia | | Buzhans | Western Ukraine, parts of Poland and Slovakia |

Please note that the territories mentioned above are approximate and may have varied over time due to migrations, conflicts, and political changes.