Question

Що для Італії означав термін “Проблема Півдня” ? ​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Він означав відставання південної Італії від Північної  у рівні урбанізації, індустріалізації, економіко-соціального розвитку. Також Південна Італія має відмінності в демографічному, етнографічному й культурно-мовному плані

Объяснение:

Причини відставання Півдня

історично обумовлений поділ

використання Північною Італією у своїх цілях після об'єднання 1861 року

економіка базована на латифундії

аграрно виражений характер економіки

без корисних копалин

нерозвинені джерела енергії

нерозвинена інфраструктура та система доріг

неінтегрованість у європейський ринок

виражена організована злочинність/Мафія, яка перешкоджає економічному росту.

Answer 2

The "Southern Question" in Italy

The term "Southern Question" (in Italian: "Questione Meridionale") refers to a complex set of economic, social, and political issues that were associated with the southern regions of Italy in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It represented the challenges and disparities faced by the southern part of the country compared to the more developed and prosperous north.

Economic Disparities and Poverty

One of the key aspects of the Southern Question was the stark economic disparities between the northern and southern regions of Italy. The north was characterized by industrialization, modern infrastructure, and a more advanced agricultural sector, while the south lagged behind in terms of economic development. The southern regions were predominantly rural and relied heavily on traditional agricultural practices, which often resulted in lower productivity and income levels.

According to a search snippet, the southern regions of Italy faced high levels of poverty, unemployment, and underdevelopment. The lack of economic opportunities and infrastructure contributed to a cycle of poverty and emigration, as many people from the south sought better prospects in other parts of Italy or abroad.

Social and Political Issues

The Southern Question also encompassed various social and political issues that were prevalent in the southern regions of Italy. These issues included land ownership, feudalism, corruption, and a lack of access to education and healthcare. The southern regions were often characterized by a large landowning class and a significant number of landless peasants, which led to social inequalities and tensions.

According to a search snippet, the southern regions of Italy also faced challenges related to organized crime, such as the presence of the Mafia. The influence of criminal organizations further exacerbated the socio-economic problems in the region.

Government Policies and Interventions

The Italian government recognized the importance of addressing the Southern Question and implemented various policies and interventions to promote development and reduce disparities. These initiatives aimed to improve infrastructure, modernize agriculture, and promote industrialization in the southern regions.

A search snippet suggests that the Italian government established special commissions and agencies to address the Southern Question, such as the Cassa per il Mezzogiorno (Southern Italy Development Fund) in the 1950s. These efforts sought to attract investments, create job opportunities, and improve living conditions in the southern regions.

Impact and Current Situation

Over the years, progress has been made in addressing the Southern Question, but challenges still remain. While the southern regions have experienced some economic growth and development, they continue to face issues such as high unemployment rates, brain drain, and regional disparities.

According to a search snippet, the Southern Question remains a topic of discussion and debate in Italy, as policymakers and scholars continue to explore ways to promote balanced development and reduce the disparities between the north and south.

In conclusion, the term "Southern Question" in Italy refers to the economic, social, and political challenges faced by the southern regions of the country. It encompasses issues such as economic disparities, poverty, social inequalities, and government interventions. While progress has been made, the Southern Question remains a significant topic of concern in Italy.