Question

Для чего создавались уставы цехов? Кого они защищали​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Полноправными членами цехов считались только владельцы мастерских — мастера. На собрании мастеров цеха принимался устав. В нем определялись все стороны жизни ремесленников цеха. Например, сколько можно выпускать изделий, из каких материалов, каких размеров, какого качества и многое другое. При угрозе нападения на город все члены цеха составляли отряд ополчения. Под цеховым знаменем они выступали на защиту города. Как правило, члены цеха селились на одной улице, которую так и называли: улица Пекарей, Ткачей, Портных, Кузнецов, Оружейников.

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Purpose of Guild Charters and Whom They Protected

Guild charters were created to serve several purposes and provide protection for various stakeholders. Here are some key points to consider:

1. Regulation of Trade and Craftsmanship: Guilds were established to regulate and control trade and craftsmanship in medieval Europe. Guild charters outlined the rules, regulations, and standards that guild members had to adhere to in their respective trades or crafts.

2. Protection of Members' Interests: Guild charters aimed to protect the interests of guild members by establishing rules related to quality control, pricing, and fair competition. These regulations helped ensure that members of the guild were not undercut by unskilled or unethical practitioners.

3. Maintenance of Standards: Guild charters often included provisions for apprenticeship programs and training requirements. By setting standards for skill development and craftsmanship, guilds aimed to maintain high-quality workmanship and protect the reputation of their trade or craft.

4. Monopoly and Market Control: Guild charters granted exclusive rights and privileges to guild members, effectively creating a monopoly in their respective trades or crafts. This allowed guild members to control the market and limit competition from outsiders.

5. Social Welfare: Guilds often provided social welfare benefits to their members, such as financial support during times of illness, disability, or old age. Guild charters sometimes included provisions for these welfare programs, ensuring the well-being of guild members.

It is important to note that the specific provisions and protections provided by guild charters varied across different guilds and regions. The above points provide a general overview of the purposes and protections associated with guild charters.

I hope this information helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.