Question

Главные этапы развития английской революции​

Answer 1

Историю английской буржуазной революции принято делить на четыре этапа:
Конституционный этап (1640 – 1642 гг)
Первая гражданская война (1642 – 1646 гг.)
Вторая гражданская война (1646 – 1649 гг.)
Индепендентская республика (1649 – 1653 гг.)

Answer 2

1)Религиозный конфликт.

2)политический конфликт.

Answer 3

The Main Stages of the English Revolution

The English Revolution, also known as the English Civil War, was a series of political and military conflicts that took place in England during the 17th century. It was a period of significant social, political, and constitutional change. Here are the main stages of the English Revolution:

1. Background and Causes The English Revolution was primarily driven by political and religious tensions between the monarchy and Parliament. The conflict arose due to disputes over the powers and authority of the king, religious divisions between Protestants and Catholics, and economic grievances.

2. The First Civil War (1642-1646) The First Civil War was the initial phase of the English Revolution. It began in 1642 when King Charles I raised his royal standard at Nottingham, marking the official start of hostilities. The war was fought between the Royalists (supporters of the king) and the Parliamentarians (supporters of Parliament). The Parliamentarians, led by Oliver Cromwell, eventually emerged victorious.

3. The Interregnum (1649-1660) After the execution of King Charles I in 1649, England became a republic known as the Commonwealth. This period, also referred to as the Interregnum, was characterized by the rule of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector. The Interregnum witnessed significant political, religious, and social changes, including the abolition of the monarchy and the House of Lords.

4. The Second Civil War (1648-1649) The Second Civil War erupted when factions within England, Scotland, and Ireland opposed the rule of the Commonwealth. Royalists, Presbyterians, and other groups sought to restore the monarchy. The Parliamentarians, led by Cromwell, swiftly crushed the rebellion, leading to the trial and execution of King Charles I.

5. The Restoration (1660) The Restoration marked the return of the monarchy in England. Following the death of Oliver Cromwell in 1658, his son Richard Cromwell proved unable to maintain control, leading to a period of political instability. In 1660, the monarchy was restored with the ascension of King Charles II, son of the executed King Charles I.

6. The Glorious Revolution (1688) The Glorious Revolution was a bloodless revolution that resulted in the overthrow of King James II and the ascension of William III and Mary II to the throne. It was triggered by concerns over James II's Catholicism and his attempts to increase royal power. The Glorious Revolution established the principle of parliamentary sovereignty and laid the foundation for constitutional monarchy in England.

These are the main stages of the English Revolution. Each phase brought significant changes to the political, religious, and social landscape of England.