Question

СРОЧНО ПОЖАЛУЙСТА Хоть на один!! от чего зависело социальное расслоение в раннее новое время и почему? расскажите чем было вызвано возникновение мануфактур?

Answer 1

Ответ:

Главными причинами появления мануфактуры были дальнейшее разделение труда и широкое развитие товарно-денежных отношений, приводившие к значительному увеличению ремесленной продукции, направлявшейся на рынок.

Answer 2

Social Stratification in Early Modern Times

Social stratification in early modern times was influenced by several factors. Here are some key factors that contributed to social stratification during this period:

1. Economic Factors: Economic conditions played a significant role in determining social stratification in early modern times. The emergence of capitalism and the expansion of trade led to the accumulation of wealth by a small group of individuals. This wealth disparity resulted in the division of society into different social classes based on economic status [[1]].

2. Feudal System: The remnants of the feudal system also influenced social stratification during this period. Feudalism was a hierarchical system where individuals were born into specific social classes, such as nobility, clergy, and commoners. The privileges and rights associated with each class contributed to social inequality [[2]].

3. Birth and Inheritance: Social status in early modern times was often determined by birth and inheritance. The nobility inherited their titles and privileges, while commoners had limited opportunities for social mobility. This hereditary system reinforced social stratification and limited upward mobility for individuals from lower social classes [[3]].

4. Education and Access to Knowledge: Access to education and knowledge also played a role in social stratification. During this period, education was primarily available to the elite and privileged classes. The lack of educational opportunities for the lower classes further perpetuated social inequality [[4]].

5. Political Power and Patronage: Political power and patronage were closely linked to social stratification in early modern times. The ruling elite, such as monarchs and aristocrats, held significant political power and used it to maintain their social status and privileges. Patronage systems allowed the elite to provide support and resources to individuals in exchange for loyalty and service, further reinforcing social hierarchies [[5]].

Emergence of Manufactures

The emergence of manufactures during the early modern period was influenced by various factors. Here are some key reasons for the rise of manufactures:

1. Technological Advancements: Technological advancements, such as the invention of new machinery and tools, played a crucial role in the emergence of manufactures. Innovations like the spinning jenny and the power loom revolutionized textile production, leading to the growth of the manufacturing industry [[6]].

2. Urbanization and Population Growth: The growth of urban centers and population expansion created a demand for goods and products. This demand, coupled with the concentration of skilled labor in cities, provided the necessary conditions for the development of manufactures [[7]].

3. Access to Raw Materials and Resources: The availability of raw materials and resources, such as coal and iron ore, played a significant role in the rise of manufactures. Regions with abundant natural resources became centers of manufacturing activity, as they provided the necessary inputs for production [[8]].

4. Capital Investment and Entrepreneurship: The emergence of manufactures required significant capital investment and entrepreneurial spirit. Wealthy individuals and merchants invested in factories and production facilities, driving the growth of the manufacturing sector [[9]].

5. Market Expansion and Trade: The expansion of markets and international trade also contributed to the rise of manufactures. The exploration and colonization of new territories provided access to new markets and sources of wealth, stimulating the growth of manufacturing industries [[10]].

In summary, social stratification in early modern times was influenced by economic factors, the feudal system, birth and inheritance, education, and political power. The emergence of manufactures was driven by technological advancements, urbanization, access to resources, capital investment, and market expansion. These factors shaped the social and economic landscape of the time.