Question

Определите различия между капитализмом и марксизмом.​

Answer 1

Ответ:

марксизм - филосовское социальное и политическое учение разработанное немецкими мыслителями

капитализм - это общественный строй, основаный на: частной собственности, наемном труде, расширенном производстве

Answer 2

Differences between Capitalism and Marxism

Capitalism and Marxism are two distinct economic and political ideologies that have shaped the modern world. Here are the key differences between the two:

1. Ownership of Means of Production: - Capitalism: In capitalism, the means of production, such as factories, land, and resources, are privately owned by individuals or corporations. The goal is to generate profit and accumulate wealth. - Marxism: Marxism advocates for the collective ownership of the means of production by the workers or the state. It aims to eliminate private ownership and establish a classless society.

2. Economic System: - Capitalism: Capitalism is based on a free-market system, where prices, production, and distribution of goods and services are determined by supply and demand. It emphasizes competition and individual economic freedom. - Marxism: Marxism promotes a planned economy, where the state or the workers' collective decides what and how much to produce. It aims to eliminate economic inequality and exploitation.

3. Class Struggle: - Capitalism: Capitalism recognizes social classes, such as the bourgeoisie (capitalist class) and the proletariat (working class). However, it does not view class struggle as a fundamental aspect of society. - Marxism: Marxism sees class struggle as the driving force behind historical and social change. It argues that the bourgeoisie exploits the proletariat, leading to conflict and the need for a revolution.

4. Distribution of Wealth: - Capitalism: In capitalism, wealth is distributed based on market forces and individual ownership. The accumulation of wealth is seen as a reward for individual effort and success. - Marxism: Marxism advocates for the equitable distribution of wealth, aiming to eliminate the wealth gap between the rich and the poor. It seeks to prioritize the needs of the working class.

5. Role of the State: - Capitalism: Capitalism generally promotes limited government intervention in the economy. The state's role is primarily to enforce contracts, protect property rights, and ensure fair competition. - Marxism: Marxism advocates for a strong central state that controls the means of production and redistributes wealth. The state plays a crucial role in planning and directing the economy.

6. Social Change: - Capitalism: Capitalism believes that economic growth and innovation drive social progress. It emphasizes individual initiative and entrepreneurship as catalysts for change. - Marxism: Marxism sees social change as a result of class struggle and revolution. It aims to create a society free from exploitation and oppression.

It's important to note that these are simplified explanations of complex ideologies, and there are variations and interpretations within both capitalism and Marxism. Additionally, the practical implementation of these ideologies has varied across different countries and historical contexts.