Question

ПОМОГИТЕ ПОЖАЛУЙСТА ОТВЕТИТЬ НА ВОПРОСЫ ! 1 ПОЧЕМУ НЕДЕРЛАНДЫ БЫЛИ ЖЕМЧУЖЕНОЙ ДЛЯ ИСПАНИИ ? 2 В ЧЕМ ПРОТИВОРЕЧИЯ МЕЖДУ НЕДЕРАНДАМИ И ИСПАНИЕЙ ? ДАМ 48 балов

Answer 1

Ответ:

1-Нидерланды в Средние века играли важную роль на мировом рынке. Но они частично были подвластны испанской короне. Государство находилось в колониальной зависимости от испанцев. Испания контролировала товарооборот и производственную сторону жизни государства. Нидерланды называли жемчужиной, так как у них находилось превосходство во многих сферах деятельности. Условия позволяли заниматься как сельским хозяйством, так и обрабатывающей промышленностью. Благоприятно на нидерландских рынках шла торговля.

2-Если говорить об Испании и Нидерландах, то между этими странами было очень много различных противоречий. Самое большое противоречие было на религиозной почве. Испанцы являются яркими сторонниками католической церкви, в то время, как Нидерланды были ближе к протестантским религиям. Испания была монархией в то время, как в Голландии были более свободолюбивые взгляды. Также большое противоречие в торговле было, со стороны Испании было много запретов.

Answer 2

1)Потому что Нидерланды приносили прибыль в 4 раза больше чем Испания или всё Испанское государство

2)Испания тормозила развитие экономики Нидерландов, ввела высокие налоги и пошлины, ограничивала торговлю, разоряя голландских купцов и предпринимателей. Испанские католики стремились искоренить кальвинистскую ересь в Нидерландах. Была введена инквизиция. В Нидерландах было развито самоуправлении. Испанская корона пыталась свести его к минимуму. Роль провинциальных и генеральных штатов была снижена. Штатгальдера назначал король.

Answer 3

Why were the Netherlands important to Spain?

The Netherlands were considered a valuable possession for Spain for several reasons:

1. Economic Importance: The Netherlands, particularly the region known as the Dutch Republic, was a prosperous and economically advanced area during the 16th and 17th centuries. It had a thriving trade network, including a dominant position in the Baltic grain trade and a significant presence in global maritime commerce. The Dutch Republic's economic success made it an attractive territory for Spain to control and exploit [[1]].

2. Strategic Location: The Netherlands had a strategic location in Europe, with access to the North Sea and proximity to important trade routes. Controlling the Netherlands allowed Spain to maintain a strong naval presence and exert influence over maritime trade in the region [[2]].

3. Colonial Possessions: The Dutch had established colonies and trading posts around the world, including in the East Indies (present-day Indonesia) and the Americas. These colonies provided valuable resources and wealth to the Dutch Republic, making it an attractive target for Spain [[3]].

4. Religious Conflict: The Netherlands was a center of Protestantism during the Reformation, while Spain remained staunchly Catholic. The Dutch Revolt, which began in the late 16th century, was fueled by religious tensions and a desire for religious freedom. Spain saw the Netherlands as a threat to Catholicism and sought to suppress the Protestant movement, further increasing the importance of the region to Spain [[4]].

Contradictions between the Netherlands and Spain

The relationship between the Netherlands and Spain during this period was marked by significant contradictions and conflicts:

1. Religious Conflict: As mentioned earlier, the religious divide between Protestantism and Catholicism played a major role in the tensions between the Netherlands and Spain. The Dutch Revolt was, in part, a response to the religious persecution of Protestants by the Spanish authorities. The Dutch Republic sought religious freedom and independence from Spanish Catholic rule [[4]].

2. Political Autonomy: The Dutch Republic desired greater political autonomy and self-governance, which clashed with Spain's attempts to maintain control over the region. The Dutch rebels, led by figures such as William of Orange, fought for independence from Spanish rule and the establishment of a separate Dutch state [[5]].

3. Economic Rivalry: The economic success of the Dutch Republic posed a challenge to Spain's dominance in global trade. The Dutch had a powerful navy and a strong merchant fleet, which allowed them to compete with Spanish trade interests. This economic rivalry further fueled the tensions between the two powers [[1]].

4. Military Conflict: The contradictions between the Netherlands and Spain eventually led to open military conflict. The Eighty Years' War (1568-1648) was fought between the Dutch rebels and Spanish forces. The war resulted in the eventual independence of the Dutch Republic and the establishment of the United Provinces of the Netherlands [[5]].

In summary, the Netherlands were important to Spain due to their economic prosperity, strategic location, and colonial possessions. However, the contradictions between the two powers, including religious conflict, political autonomy, economic rivalry, and military confrontation, ultimately led to the Dutch Republic's independence from Spanish rule.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.