Question

Поясните как появились эра или календарь хиджры.

Answer 1

Ответ:

Эра - это начальная точка отсчета.Она была нужна, для представления жизни людей в хронологической последовательности

Календарь Хиджры появился после переезда пророка Мухаммеда из Мекки в Медину

Answer 2

The Hijri Era or Islamic Calendar

The Hijri Era, also known as the Islamic Calendar or the Hijri Calendar, is a lunar calendar used by Muslims to determine the dates of religious observances and events. It is based on the lunar cycle, with each month beginning with the sighting of the new moon. The Hijri Era is named after the migration (hijra) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE.

The Origins of the Hijri Era: The Hijri Era was established by the second caliph of Islam, Umar ibn al-Khattab, in the year 638 CE. At that time, the Islamic community faced the challenge of dating events and determining the order of religious obligations. Umar consulted with his advisors and decided to adopt a new calendar system based on the lunar cycle. This marked the beginning of the Hijri Era.

The Structure of the Hijri Calendar: The Hijri Calendar consists of 12 lunar months, with each month lasting either 29 or 30 days. The total number of days in a Hijri year is approximately 354 or 355 days, which is shorter than the Gregorian calendar year of 365 or 366 days. As a result, the Hijri year is about 10 to 12 days shorter than the solar year.

To account for the difference between the lunar and solar calendars, the Hijri Calendar uses a 30-year cycle known as the Metonic cycle. This cycle includes 19 common years of 354 days and 11 leap years of 355 days. The leap years occur in a specific pattern within the cycle to align the lunar months with the solar year.

The Hijri Era and its Significance: The Hijri Era is of great significance to Muslims as it marks the beginning of a new era in Islamic history. It serves as a reference point for religious events and observances, such as the start and end of Ramadan, the Hajj pilgrimage, and the Islamic New Year.

The Hijri Era is also used for dating official documents and events in many Muslim-majority countries. It is an important cultural and religious symbol that helps Muslims maintain a connection to their history and traditions.