Question

Обязаности крепостных крестьян в 18 веке​

Answer 1

права:

Государственные крестьяне имели право общинного владения землей и сословного самоуправления.

Крепостные прав не имели вообще.

После 1861 года крестьянское сословие унифицировалось, получив минимум гражданских и имущественных прав.

обязанности:

Крепостные крестьяне должны были отрабатывать барщину, платить оброк и нести другие повинности в пользу владельцев. Все крестьянство, до 1861 года и после несли рекрутскую повинность и большую часть тягла в пользу государства.

Answer 2

Ответ:

Основная обязанность крепостных – отработка барщины. 3-5 дней в неделю они выполняли различные работы для своих хозяев: возделывали поля, строили дома, исполняли роль прислуги. Остальное время они тратили на собственное хозяйство. Вторая обязанность – уплата оброка, то есть дани. Крестьяне отдавали его либо в натуральной форме (урожаем), либо деньгами. Количество дней барщины и величину оброка устанавливал помещик на свое усмотрение.

Answer 3

Duties of Serfs in the 18th Century

In the 18th century, serfs were a class of peasants who were legally bound to work on the land owned by their lords. They were part of the feudal system, which was prevalent in many parts of Europe at the time. The duties and obligations of serfs varied depending on the specific region and the agreements between the serfs and their lords. However, some common responsibilities can be identified.

1. Agricultural Labor: Serfs were primarily responsible for agricultural labor on the lord's land. They were required to work the fields, plant and harvest crops, tend to livestock, and perform other tasks related to farming and agriculture. The labor of serfs was crucial for the economic sustenance of the feudal system.

2. Payment of Rent: Serfs were obligated to pay rent to their lords in the form of a portion of their agricultural produce or other goods and services. This rent, known as "corvée," was a significant part of the serfs' obligations and was often a source of economic exploitation.

3. Military Service: In some cases, serfs were required to provide military service to their lords. This could involve serving as foot soldiers or providing other forms of military support when called upon. Military service was often compulsory for serfs as part of their feudal obligations.

4. Maintenance of the Lord's Estate: Serfs were responsible for maintaining the lord's estate and ensuring its proper functioning. This included tasks such as repairing buildings, maintaining roads and infrastructure, and providing various services to the lord and his household.

5. Payment of Taxes: Serfs were also required to pay various taxes and fees to their lords and the state. These could include taxes on land, livestock, or other forms of property, as well as fees for the use of common resources such as forests or waterways.

It is important to note that the specific duties and obligations of serfs varied across different regions and countries in the 18th century. The information provided here is a general overview and may not apply universally. For a more detailed understanding of the duties of serfs in a specific region or country, further research is recommended.