Question

Где возникла первая цивилизация Древней Греции и почему она погибла? история 6 класс​ помогите

Answer 1

Первая цивилизация в Греции (эгейская) возникла около 3 тыс. лет назад на юге Европы – Греция, Анатолия, остров Крит и другие острова Эгейского моря. Первыми городами (полисами) были Афины, Микены, Троя, Тиринф, Пилос.

В 1220 г. до н. э. эгейцы были захвачены племенами дорийцев и "народами моря", что привело их цивилизацию к гибели.

Answer 2

The Emergence of the First Civilization in Ancient Greece

The first civilization in Ancient Greece emerged around 3000 BCE in the region known as the Aegean Sea. This civilization is commonly referred to as the Minoan civilization, named after the legendary King Minos. The Minoans inhabited the island of Crete and developed a sophisticated society characterized by advanced architecture, art, and trade.

The Minoan Civilization on Crete The Minoans on Crete built impressive palaces, such as the Palace of Knossos, which served as administrative and religious centers. They were skilled in pottery, metalworking, and fresco painting. The Minoans also had a system of writing known as Linear A, although it has not been deciphered yet. Their society was prosperous and engaged in extensive trade with other Mediterranean cultures, including Egypt and Mesopotamia.

The Decline and Fall of the Minoan Civilization The exact reasons for the decline and fall of the Minoan civilization are still debated among historians. However, several theories have been proposed:

1. Natural Disasters: One theory suggests that natural disasters, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, played a significant role in the decline of the Minoan civilization. The eruption of the Thera volcano (modern-day Santorini) around 1600 BCE is often cited as a possible cause of the Minoan decline. The eruption caused widespread destruction and may have disrupted trade routes and weakened the Minoan society.

2. Invasion and Conquest: Another theory proposes that the Minoans were invaded and conquered by the Mycenaeans, a warrior civilization from mainland Greece. The Mycenaeans, who were influenced by Minoan culture, gradually gained power and eventually overtook the Minoans. This theory suggests that the Mycenaeans assimilated the Minoan civilization, leading to its decline.

3. Internal Instability: Some historians argue that internal factors, such as political instability or social unrest, contributed to the decline of the Minoan civilization. They suggest that conflicts within Minoan society weakened its ability to withstand external pressures, leading to its downfall.

It is important to note that the Minoan civilization did not completely disappear but experienced a decline in its influence and power. The Mycenaeans, who succeeded the Minoans, built upon their cultural achievements and laid the foundation for classical Greek civilization.

Conclusion

The first civilization in Ancient Greece, known as the Minoan civilization, emerged on the island of Crete around 3000 BCE. The Minoans developed a sophisticated society characterized by advanced architecture, art, and trade. The decline of the Minoan civilization is attributed to various factors, including natural disasters, invasion and conquest by the Mycenaeans, and internal instability.