Question

11. Складіть порівняльну таблицю «Економічний розвиток Німеччини та італій в останній чверті XIX ст.», визначивши спільні й відмінні риси. ​

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Economic Development of Germany and Italy in the Late 19th Century

To compare the economic development of Germany and Italy in the late 19th century, let's examine their common and distinctive features.

Common Features: 1. Industrialization: Both Germany and Italy experienced significant industrial growth during this period. They transitioned from primarily agrarian economies to industrialized nations. 2. Infrastructure Development: Both countries invested in the development of transportation networks, such as railways and canals, to facilitate trade and economic growth. 3. Urbanization: The process of urbanization was observed in both Germany and Italy, as people migrated from rural areas to cities in search of employment opportunities in the expanding industries. 4. Technological Advancements: Both countries embraced technological advancements, such as the use of steam power and the introduction of new machinery, which contributed to increased productivity and economic growth.

Distinctive Features: 1. Political Unification: Germany achieved political unification in 1871 under the leadership of Otto von Bismarck, while Italy's unification process was completed in 1871 under the leadership of figures like Giuseppe Garibaldi and Count Camillo di Cavour. The different paths to unification influenced their economic development. 2. Industrial Sectors: Germany had a more diversified industrial sector, with a strong focus on heavy industries such as steel, coal, and machinery manufacturing. Italy, on the other hand, had a more fragmented industrial sector, with a significant emphasis on light industries such as textiles and food processing. 3. Colonial Expansion: Germany pursued a policy of colonial expansion in Africa and the Pacific, establishing colonies and acquiring resources to support its industrial growth. Italy also engaged in colonial ventures, primarily in Africa, but its colonial empire was smaller in comparison. 4. Trade Patterns: Germany had a strong focus on exporting manufactured goods, benefiting from its industrial prowess. Italy, on the other hand, relied more on agricultural exports, such as wine and olive oil, although its industrial exports also grew over time.

These are some of the common and distinctive features of the economic development of Germany and Italy in the late 19th century. It is important to note that this is not an exhaustive list, and there may be other factors to consider as well.

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