Question

В 1930-е годы сложились три модели государственного регулирования экономики: японо-германская, франко-американская, социалистическая тоталитарная, либерально-реформистская, социал-реформистская неолиберальная, неоклассическая, американская либерально-реформистская, неолиберальная, классическая​

Answer 1

Ответ:

тоталитарная, либерально-реформистская, социал-реформистская

Answer 2

Models of State Economic Regulation in the 1930s

In the 1930s, several models of state economic regulation emerged, each with its own approach to managing the economy. These models included the Japanese-German, Franco-American, Socialist Totalitarian, Liberal Reformist, Social Reformist, Neoliberal, and Classical approaches.

1. Japanese-German Model: - The Japanese-German model of state economic regulation emphasized state control and intervention in the economy to promote industrialization and economic growth. - This model was characterized by a strong emphasis on central planning and coordination of economic activities by the state. - The government played a significant role in directing resources towards specific industries and sectors to achieve economic development [[1]].

2. Franco-American Model: - The Franco-American model of state economic regulation involved a combination of state intervention and regulation, with a focus on protecting domestic industries and promoting economic stability. - Both France and the United States implemented policies aimed at regulating key industries and stabilizing the economy during the Great Depression. - The focus was on protecting domestic production and maintaining economic stability through government intervention and regulation [[2]].

3. Socialist Totalitarian Model: - The socialist totalitarian model of state economic regulation was characterized by centralized control and ownership of the means of production by the state. - This model was associated with countries that embraced socialist or communist ideologies, such as the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin and other communist states. - The state exercised extensive control over economic activities, including production, distribution, and resource allocation [[3]].

4. Liberal Reformist Model: - The liberal reformist model of state economic regulation emphasized gradual reforms and interventions to address economic challenges while preserving a market-based economy. - This approach sought to address social and economic inequalities through targeted government interventions and reforms, such as social welfare programs and labor regulations. - The focus was on balancing market mechanisms with social welfare and regulatory measures [[4]].

5. Social Reformist Model: - The social reformist model of state economic regulation focused on addressing social and economic inequalities through comprehensive social welfare programs and redistributive policies. - This model aimed to reduce poverty, provide social security, and ensure a more equitable distribution of wealth and resources through government intervention and social policies [[5]].

6. Neoliberal Model: - The neoliberal model of state economic regulation advocated for free-market principles, deregulation, and privatization of state-owned enterprises. - This approach emphasized reducing government intervention in the economy, promoting free trade, and allowing market forces to determine economic outcomes. - Neoliberal policies often included deregulation, trade liberalization, and fiscal austerity measures [[6]].

7. Classical Model: - The classical model of state economic regulation was rooted in neoclassical economic theory, emphasizing minimal government intervention and a laissez-faire approach to the economy. - This model advocated for free markets, limited government involvement, and the belief that market forces would naturally lead to optimal economic outcomes. - The focus was on individual economic freedom, private property rights, and minimal government interference in economic activities [[7]].

Each of these models represented distinct approaches to state economic regulation, reflecting the diverse economic and political ideologies of the 1930s.