Question

до чого призвели факти замовчування українським радянським керівництвом голоду в Україні в 1921-1923?​

Answer 1

Голод 1921-1923 був спричинений посухою і неврожаєм у Південній Україні. Але про це було заборонено писати у газетах, бо радянська влада офіційно не визнавала голод в Україні. Хоч і в 1922 році завдяки американській допомозі засіяли поля, але голод не було повністю ліквідовано (60% населення голодувала, з яких 40% - діти; люди почали їсти глину, пісок, камні, доходило до канібалізму; продзагони продовжували насильницький збір зерна, використовуючи іноді метод заручників)

Answer 2

Background

The Ukrainian famine of 1921-1923, also known as the Russian famine of 1921-1922 or the Povolzhye famine, was a severe famine that affected several regions of the Soviet Union, including Ukraine. The famine was a result of a combination of factors, including natural disasters, economic mismanagement, and the policies of the Soviet government at the time.

Natural Disasters and Economic Factors

During the early 1920s, the Soviet Union experienced a series of natural disasters, including droughts, floods, and crop failures. These natural disasters severely impacted agricultural production, leading to food shortages and a decline in the overall food supply. Additionally, the country was still recovering from the devastation caused by World War I and the Russian Civil War, which further exacerbated the economic challenges.

Soviet Government Policies

The Soviet government, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin and later Joseph Stalin, implemented policies that contributed to the severity of the famine. One of the key factors was the policy of War Communism, which involved the nationalization of industry and the requisitioning of grain from peasants to support the Red Army and urban populations. This policy disrupted agricultural production and led to a decline in food availability.

Another significant factor was the policy of grain requisitioning, known as the "prodrazvyorstka" system, which was implemented to ensure the supply of grain to urban areas and to export grain to generate revenue for industrialization. The grain requisitioning was often carried out forcefully, with little regard for the needs of the rural population. Peasants who resisted or failed to meet the quotas were subjected to harsh penalties, including confiscation of their property and imprisonment.

Ukrainian Soviet Leadership's Silence

The Ukrainian Soviet leadership, under the control of the Soviet government, played a role in the suppression of information about the famine. The Ukrainian Communist Party, led by Christian Rakovsky, did not openly acknowledge the severity of the famine or the suffering of the Ukrainian population. This silence was likely due to the party's loyalty to the Soviet government and the fear of reprisals for speaking out against the policies of the central government.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Ukrainian famine of 1921-1923 was a result of a combination of natural disasters, economic challenges, and the policies of the Soviet government. The policies of War Communism and grain requisitioning, along with the suppression of information about the famine by the Ukrainian Soviet leadership, contributed to the severity of the famine and the suffering of the Ukrainian population.