Question

Какие реформы были проведены британским парламентом во второй половине XIX века? помогите пожалуйста

Answer 1

Ответ:

Намного увеличилось число избирателей, хотя права голоса не получили женщины и бедняки-мужчины (до 1918 г.) . Было подтверждено право трудящихся на забастовки. С 1911 г. рабочим стали выплачивать пособия по болезни, инвалидности и безработице.

Answer 2

Reforms by the British Parliament in the Second Half of the 19th Century

During the second half of the 19th century, the British Parliament implemented several significant reforms that aimed to address various social, political, and economic issues. These reforms were driven by the changing social conditions and demands for greater equality and representation. Here are some key reforms that were enacted during this period:

1. The Reform Act of 1867: This act extended the right to vote to a larger portion of the male population in England and Wales. It increased the number of eligible voters by about 1.5 million and redistributed parliamentary seats to better reflect population changes.

2. The Representation of the People Act 1884: This act further expanded suffrage by granting voting rights to agricultural workers and rural laborers. It also equalized the distribution of parliamentary seats between rural and urban areas.

3. The Factory Acts: These acts aimed to improve working conditions in factories and protect the rights of workers. The Factory Act of 1833 limited the working hours of children and introduced factory inspections. Subsequent acts in the 19th century extended these protections to women and improved safety regulations.

4. The Education Act of 1870: This act established a national system of elementary education in England and Wales. It provided funding for schools and made education compulsory for children aged 5 to 13. The act aimed to improve literacy rates and provide equal educational opportunities.

5. The Public Health Act 1875: This act addressed public health concerns by establishing a framework for public health administration. It empowered local authorities to take action to improve sanitation, control infectious diseases, and regulate housing conditions.

6. The Married Women's Property Act 1882: This act granted married women the right to own and control their property. It aimed to address the legal and economic disadvantages faced by married women, allowing them greater financial independence.

These reforms were significant in shaping British society and laying the foundation for a more inclusive and equitable society. They aimed to address issues of political representation, working conditions, education, public health, and women's rights. While these reforms were not without limitations and challenges, they marked important steps towards a more democratic and progressive society in the United Kingdom.

I hope this provides a helpful overview of the reforms implemented by the British Parliament in the second half of the 19th century. Let me know if you have any further questions!