Question

Сравните политику русских князей по отношению к золотой орде. Чья линия кажется вам наиболее мудрой

Answer 1

Ответ:

На мой взгляд, политика Александра Невского была более мудрой и дальновидной. Он стал союзником Орды, получил право собирать дань для Орды и всячески старался оградить русские города от вторжения ордынских войск. Даниил Романович презирал ордынцев, искал защиты на Западе и начал вооруженное сопротивление. Результат — Галицко-Волынское княжество было разорено.

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Russian Princes' Policy towards the Golden Horde

The policy of Russian princes towards the Golden Horde varied over time and across different rulers. The Golden Horde was a Mongol and Turkic state that ruled over parts of Eastern Europe, including present-day Russia, from the 13th to the 15th centuries. The Russian princes had to navigate a complex relationship with the Golden Horde, balancing their own interests and autonomy with the demands and control of the Mongol rulers.

Comparison of Russian Princes' Policies

While it is difficult to generalize the policies of all Russian princes towards the Golden Horde, we can identify some common trends and approaches. Here are a few examples:

1. Submission and Tribute: Many Russian princes initially submitted to the authority of the Golden Horde and paid tribute to maintain their autonomy and avoid military conflicts. This policy allowed them to govern their territories relatively independently, as long as they acknowledged the supremacy of the Mongol rulers.

2. Diplomacy and Alliances: Some Russian princes pursued diplomatic strategies to maintain good relations with the Golden Horde. They sought alliances through marriages, diplomatic missions, and gifts to Mongol leaders. These efforts aimed to secure their positions and gain favor with the Mongol rulers.

3. Rebellion and Independence: At times, Russian princes rebelled against the Golden Horde and sought to establish their independence. These rebellions were often triggered by internal power struggles within the Mongol Empire or by the weakening of the Golden Horde's control over the Russian territories. Some notable examples include the rebellion led by Dmitry Donskoy of Moscow in the late 14th century.

4. Coexistence and Cultural Exchange: Despite the political subjugation, there was also a degree of cultural exchange between the Russian princes and the Golden Horde. Mongol rulers influenced the political structure, administration, and legal systems of the Russian principalities. At the same time, Russian princes adopted certain aspects of Mongol culture and administration.

Evaluation of the Most Wise Policy

It is challenging to determine which line of policy towards the Golden Horde was the most wise, as it depended on various factors such as the specific historical context, the strength of the Golden Horde, and the individual goals of the Russian princes. However, one line of policy that could be considered wise is the approach of balancing submission and diplomacy.

By submitting to the Golden Horde and paying tribute, Russian princes were able to maintain a certain level of autonomy and avoid direct military conflicts. This allowed them to focus on internal development, consolidate their power, and expand their territories. At the same time, pursuing diplomatic strategies, such as forming alliances and engaging in cultural exchange, helped Russian princes navigate the complex relationship with the Mongol rulers and secure their positions.

An example of a prince who followed this approach is Dmitry Donskoy of Moscow. He initially paid tribute to the Golden Horde but also pursued diplomatic efforts to gain favor with the Mongol rulers. When the opportunity arose, Dmitry Donskoy led a successful rebellion against the Golden Horde, which eventually led to the decline of Mongol rule in Russia.

It is important to note that this evaluation is subjective, and different historians may have different perspectives on which line of policy was the most wise. The policies of Russian princes towards the Golden Horde were shaped by a complex web of political, economic, and cultural factors, making it difficult to determine a single "most wise" approach.