Question

По всемирке Солон кто что сделал в каком веке?Перикл кем был?Демократия-?Герусия что такое?Архонт-?Периэки-?Илоты-?Дорийцы-?Фермопильское сражение когда и межлу кем было?В каком веке доийцы захватили южную Грецию Пелопонес​

Answer 1

Ответ:

1: Солон провёл ряд реформ (сисахфия, имущественный ценз, учреждение суда присяжных и Совета Четырёхсот и др

2: афинский государственный деятель, один из «отцов-основателей» афинской демократии, знаменитый оратор и полководец 3: это такая форма организации общества, при которой народ — источник и держатель государственной власти. Ее относят к политическим режимам.

4: старец, старейшина 5: Архо́нт — термин, использовавшийся в раннехристианскую эпоху (особенно у гностиков) для обозначения духов-мироправителей. 6: Периэки, также периеки — члены одной из групп лично свободного населения Лаконии и Мессении в ту эпоху, когда на этих территориях существовало древнегреческое государство Лакедемон. 7: Ило́ты — в древней Спарте земледельцы 8: Дори́йцы, или доря́не — наряду с ахейцами, ионийцами и эолийцами являлись одним из основных древнегреческих племён.

Answer 2

Ответ:

1. не понятно

2.афинский государственный деятель, один из «отцов-основателей» афинской демократии, знаменитый оратор и полководец

3.политическая система, в основе которой лежит метод коллективного принятия решений

4.в Древней Греции совет старейшин в городах-государствах преимущественно аристократического устройства; рассматривал важные государственные дела, подлежавшие затем обсуждению в народном собрании.

5.высшее должностное лицо в древнегреческих полисах. 

6.члены одной из групп лично свободного населения Лаконии и Мессении в ту эпоху,

7.в древней Спарте земледельцы, находящиеся на промежуточном положении между крепостными и рабами.

8.являлись одним из основных древнегреческих племён

9.сражение в сентябре. Гредко-персидская война .

10.480г. до н.э

Answer 3

Solon

Solon was an Athenian statesman and lawmaker who lived in the 6th century BCE. He is known for his significant reforms in Athens, which laid the foundation for the development of democracy. Solon introduced measures to address social and economic inequality, such as canceling debts, freeing those who had become enslaved due to debt, and prohibiting the use of personal freedom as collateral for loans. He also reformed the legal system and established a new constitution that expanded the rights of citizens and created a more inclusive political system [[1]].

Pericles

Pericles was an influential statesman and general in ancient Athens during the 5th century BCE. He is often considered one of the greatest leaders of Athens and played a crucial role in the development of Athenian democracy. Pericles promoted the arts, architecture, and literature, and under his leadership, Athens experienced a golden age. He also led Athens during the Peloponnesian War against Sparta and its allies, which lasted from 431 to 404 BCE [[2]].

Democracy

Democracy is a system of government in which power is vested in the people, who exercise it directly or through elected representatives. In ancient Athens, democracy emerged in the 5th century BCE and was characterized by direct participation of citizens in decision-making. Athenian democracy allowed eligible citizens to vote on laws, elect officials, and participate in the administration of the city-state. However, it is important to note that not all residents of Athens were considered citizens, as women, slaves, and foreigners were excluded from political participation [[3]].

Gerousia

The Gerousia was a council of elders in ancient Sparta. It was one of the two main governing bodies in Sparta, alongside the Assembly (Apella). The Gerousia consisted of 28 elders, who were over the age of 60 and had previously served as ephors or held other important positions. The Gerousia had significant influence in decision-making and legislation, and its members were responsible for proposing laws to the Assembly. The Gerousia played a crucial role in the Spartan political system and helped maintain the stability and conservative nature of the state [[4]].

Archon

In ancient Athens, an Archon was one of the nine chief magistrates who held executive and judicial powers. The Archons were elected annually and were responsible for the administration of justice, overseeing religious festivals, and managing various aspects of the city-state. The Archonship was an important position in Athenian government, and it was initially open only to members of the aristocracy. Over time, the eligibility criteria for becoming an Archon were expanded to include more citizens, reflecting the gradual democratization of Athens [[5]].

Perioeci

The Perioeci were a social group in ancient Sparta who were neither full citizens nor slaves. They were free inhabitants of Sparta who lived in the surrounding territories and were subject to Spartan rule. The Perioeci were responsible for various economic activities, such as trade, manufacturing, and agriculture. They played a significant role in supporting the Spartan economy and military, but they had limited political rights and were not allowed to participate in the Spartan Assembly or hold public office [[6]].

Helots

The Helots were a class of enslaved people in ancient Sparta. They were the agricultural laborers who worked the land owned by Spartan citizens. The Helots were considered the property of the state and were subjected to harsh treatment and control by the Spartans. They were required to provide a portion of their agricultural produce to their Spartan masters and were often used as a source of military labor. The Helots played a crucial role in supporting the Spartan economy and military, but they were heavily oppressed and had limited personal freedoms [[7]].

Battle of Thermopylae

The Battle of Thermopylae took place in 480 BCE during the Persian Wars. It was fought between an alliance of Greek city-states, led by King Leonidas I of Sparta, and the Persian Empire, led by King Xerxes I. The battle occurred at the narrow pass of Thermopylae, where a small Greek force held off the much larger Persian army for several days. Although the Greeks were eventually defeated, their resistance allowed for the evacuation of Athens and delayed the Persian advance, giving the Greek city-states time to prepare for the decisive naval Battle of Salamis [[8]].

Dorian Invasion

The Dorian Invasion refers to the migration and conquest of the Dorians, a Greek-speaking people, into southern Greece, including the Peloponnese, during the late Bronze Age or early Iron Age. The exact timing and nature of the Dorian Invasion are still debated among historians. According to tradition, the Dorians invaded and displaced the Mycenaean Greeks, leading to the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization. This event is believed to have occurred around the 12th century BCE, marking the end of the Mycenaean period and the beginning of the Greek Dark Ages [[9]].