Question

Какие изменения произошли в системе российского образования в 18 веке?

Answer 1

Ответ:

В конце XVII - начале XVIII вв. Россия пересматривает курс развития :

1)Создание новых уч.заведений : в Москве школа математических и навигацких наук в Сухаревой башне ; Морская Академия ; в Москве в 1712 г. были учреждены еще две школы -инженерная и артиллерийская ; в 1707 году - хирургическая школа ;

2)Указами 1714 г. была введена обязательная учебная повинность для дворянских детей, дьяков и подьячих;

3)Открытие в 1755 г. в Москве университета и университетских гимназий;

Во второй четверти XVIII в. реформирование образования замедлилось. Уч.учреждения были многосословными .

Объяснение:

Answer 2

В России в XVIII веке получали образование дети из семей разных сословий- купеческие имели домашнее образование, дети мещан – в государственных школах и начальных училищах, дети разночинцев обучались в гимназиях и Московском университете.

В образовании 18 века, в России впервые появилась светская школа. Были разработаны теории и методики светского образования в России, а также была предпринята попытка создания государственной системы образования.

Answer 3

Changes in the Russian Education System in the 18th Century

The 18th century brought significant changes to the Russian education system. Here are some of the key changes that occurred during this period:

1. Founding of the Russian Academy of Sciences: In 1724, Peter the Great established the Russian Academy of Sciences, which played a crucial role in promoting scientific research and education in Russia.

2. Introduction of Western educational models: Peter the Great's reforms aimed to modernize Russia and bring it closer to Western Europe. As part of these reforms, he introduced Western educational models, including the establishment of the first Russian secular schools and the recruitment of foreign teachers.

3. Expansion of educational opportunities: In the 18th century, the Russian government made efforts to expand educational opportunities for different social groups. For example, the Smolny Institute for Noble Maidens was founded in 1764 to provide education for noble girls.

4. Development of the university system: The 18th century saw the development of the university system in Russia. In 1755, the Moscow State University was founded, followed by the St. Petersburg State University in 1819.

5. Reforms in primary education: In the late 18th century, Catherine the Great implemented reforms in primary education. She introduced a standardized curriculum and established district schools to provide basic education to children from different social backgrounds.

6. Educational reforms under Alexander II: In the mid-19th century, during the reign of Alexander II, further educational reforms were implemented. These reforms aimed to modernize the education system and improve access to education for different social groups. Notable changes included the introduction of a new curriculum, the establishment of gymnasiums and real schools, and the expansion of educational opportunities for women.

It is important to note that these changes in the Russian education system during the 18th century laid the foundation for further developments in the following centuries.