Question

Слой, лежащий между земной корой и ядром?

Answer 1

The Layer Between the Earth's Crust and Core

The layer between the Earth's crust and core is called the mantle. The mantle is the thickest layer of the Earth, extending from the base of the crust to the top of the core. It is composed mainly of solid rock, with high temperatures and pressures causing the rock to flow slowly over long periods of time. The mantle is divided into two main regions: the upper mantle and the lower mantle.

The upper mantle is located just below the Earth's crust and extends to a depth of about 410 kilometers (255 miles). It is composed of solid rock that is capable of flowing under high pressure and temperature conditions. The upper mantle is further divided into two subregions: the lithosphere and the asthenosphere.

The lithosphere is the rigid outer layer of the Earth, which includes the crust and a portion of the upper mantle. It is broken into several large and small tectonic plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere below. The movement of these plates is responsible for various geological phenomena, such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountain ranges.

The asthenosphere is a partially molten layer of the upper mantle that lies beneath the lithosphere. It is characterized by its ability to flow slowly over time due to the high temperature and pressure conditions. The asthenosphere plays a crucial role in plate tectonics, as it allows the lithospheric plates to move and interact with each other.

Below the upper mantle lies the lower mantle, which extends from a depth of about 410 kilometers (255 miles) to the top of the Earth's core. The lower mantle is composed of solid rock and experiences even higher temperatures and pressures than the upper mantle. It is believed to be responsible for the convective motion that drives the movement of the tectonic plates in the upper mantle.

In summary, the layer between the Earth's crust and core is known as the mantle. It is composed of the upper mantle and the lower mantle, which are both regions of solid rock that flow slowly over time due to high temperatures and pressures. The mantle plays a crucial role in the dynamics of the Earth's tectonic plates and is responsible for various geological phenomena.