
Название форм рельефа дна атлантического океана


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The Relief Forms of the Atlantic Ocean Floor
The Atlantic Ocean floor is characterized by various relief forms, including:
1. Continental Shelf: The continental shelf is the gently sloping, submerged extension of a continent. It extends from the shoreline to the continental slope. The width of the continental shelf varies, but it is generally wider along passive margins (where no tectonic activity is occurring) and narrower along active margins (where tectonic activity is occurring).
2. Continental Slope: The continental slope is the steeply sloping transition between the continental shelf and the deep ocean floor. It marks the boundary between the continental crust and the oceanic crust. The continental slope is often characterized by submarine canyons and channels that have been carved by turbidity currents.
3. Continental Rise: The continental rise is the gently sloping transition between the continental slope and the deep ocean floor. It is composed of sediment that has been transported from the continental shelf and slope by turbidity currents. The continental rise merges with the abyssal plain.
4. Abyssal Plain: The abyssal plain is a flat, featureless region of the deep ocean floor. It is covered by a thick layer of sediment and is located at depths greater than 4,000 meters. The abyssal plain is the most extensive relief form on the ocean floor and covers a significant portion of the Atlantic Ocean floor.
5. Mid-Ocean Ridge: The mid-ocean ridge is a long mountain range that runs through the center of the Atlantic Ocean. It is formed by volcanic activity and is characterized by a series of rift valleys, volcanic cones, and hydrothermal vents. The mid-ocean ridge is the result of seafloor spreading, where new oceanic crust is formed at the ridge and moves away in opposite directions.
6. Trenches: Trenches are deep, narrow depressions on the ocean floor. They are formed at subduction zones, where one tectonic plate is forced beneath another. The Atlantic Ocean does not have as many trenches as the Pacific Ocean, but there are a few notable ones, such as the Puerto Rico Trench and the South Sandwich Trench.
7. Seamounts: Seamounts are underwater mountains that rise from the ocean floor but do not reach the surface. They are usually volcanic in origin and can be found throughout the Atlantic Ocean. Seamounts provide important habitats for marine life and can sometimes form coral reefs.
These are some of the major relief forms found on the Atlantic Ocean floor. The ocean floor is a dynamic and complex environment, shaped by geological processes over millions of years.


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