Question

помогите поалуйста!...Назовите и объясните принципы размещения предприятий ВПК.

Answer 1

При размещении ВПК необходимо учитывать: 
Безопасность размещения: вдали от границ, в глубинных районах страны. 
Принцип дублирования: в разных районах страны размещение предприятий-дублеров. 
Концентрация вокруг столицы – город Москва, особенно средств ПВО (противовоздушная оборона). 
Предприятия ВПК отличались секретностью, города с ВПК были охраняемые, на карте города не значились, названий не имели, о закрытом городе говорили цифры (например, Челябинск-70, Арзамас-16 и т.д.).Иногда эти города называют «городами-призраками». Чет типа такого )

 

Answer 2

Principles of Placement of Defense Industry Enterprises

The placement of defense industry enterprises (DIE) is guided by several principles to ensure efficiency, security, and strategic advantage.

1. Geographical Distribution: - Defense industry enterprises are strategically distributed across the country to ensure a broad coverage and reduce vulnerability to targeted attacks.

2. Industrial Infrastructure: - The placement of DIE takes into account the existing industrial infrastructure, such as transportation networks, power supply, and raw material availability.

3. Economic Considerations: - Economic factors play a crucial role in the placement of defense industry enterprises. This includes considerations such as cost-effectiveness, local economic impact, and employment opportunities.

4. Security and Resilience: - The security and resilience of the location are key factors in the placement of defense industry enterprises. This includes considerations for natural disaster resilience and security from external threats.

5. Research and Development Centers: - The placement of DIE often involves proximity to research and development centers to facilitate innovation and technological advancements.

6. Historical Context: - Historical factors, such as the legacy of defense industry presence in certain regions, may also influence the placement of new defense industry enterprises.

7. Political and Regulatory Factors: - Political and regulatory considerations, including government policies and regulations, also play a role in the placement of defense industry enterprises.

8. International Collaboration: - International collaboration and partnerships may influence the placement of defense industry enterprises, especially in the context of joint defense projects and alliances.

9. Market Demand and Export Potential: - Market demand and export potential for defense products and technologies may influence the placement of defense industry enterprises.

In summary, the placement of defense industry enterprises is a complex process that involves a combination of geographical, economic, security, technological, historical, and political factors to ensure the efficiency, security, and strategic advantage of the defense industry.

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